Exam question 4 · Grandparents, aunties and uncles — how families address el…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of shūshu and āyí by children?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, use · To what, where: use, shūshu

This is exam question 4 of lesson 10 «Grandparents, aunties and uncles — how families address elders» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 use	det
10	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 shūshu	case
12	shūshu	shūshu	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 use	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 āyí	cc
14	āyí	āyí	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 shūshu	conj
15	by	by	ADP	_	16 children	case
16	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the use of shūshu and āyí	of the following statements; by children; accurately property	tree rules
3	use		shūshu and āyí		nom use «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are informal nicknames for elder siblings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 nicknames	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 nicknames	cop
3	informal	informal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 nicknames	amod
4	nicknames	nickname	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 siblings	case
6	elder	elder	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 siblings	compound
7	siblings	sibling	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 nicknames	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	informal nicknames				for elder siblings	tree rules

Option 2

They are restricted to blood relatives of the father

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 restricted	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 restricted	aux:pass
3	restricted	restrict	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	6 relatives	mark
5	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 relatives	compound
6	relatives	relative	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 restricted	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 father	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 father	det
9	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 relatives	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	restrict	present · passive		They					tree rules

Option 3

They are reserved for teachers alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 reserved	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 reserved	aux:pass
3	reserved	reserve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 teachers	case
5	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 reserved	obl
6	alone	alone	ADV	_	3 reserved	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reserve	present · passive		They				for teachers; alone property	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for teacher=Beneficiary

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They are respectful titles for unrelated adults of the parents' generation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 titles	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 titles	cop
3	respectful	respectful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 titles	amod
4	titles	title	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 adults	case
6	unrelated	unrelated	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 adults	amod
7	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 titles	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	12 generation	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 parents	det
10	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 generation	nmod:poss
11	'	's	PART	_	10 parents	case
12	generation	generation	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 adults	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	respectful titles				for unrelated adults of the parents's generation	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chinese-street/10-grandparents-aunties-uncles/e4/