Exam question 2 · Games: rock-paper-scissors, hide and seek, cheat!

Ascertain the reason for which certain families refrain from presenting books at the New Year.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, certain families · What happens: ascertain, refrain, present · To what, where: reason, presenting books

This is exam question 2 of lesson 14 «Games: rock-paper-scissors, hide and seek, cheat!» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 refrain	obl
6	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 families	amod
7	families	family	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 refrain	nsubj
8	refrain	refrain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 reason	acl:relcl
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 books	case
10	presenting	present	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 books	amod
11	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 refrain	obl
12	at	at	ADP	_	15 Year	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Year	det
14	New	New	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 Year	compound
15	Year	Year	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 refrain	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the reason				vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	refrain	present	certain families		presenting books	at the New Year	for the reason	vn refrain-69 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent from book=Eventuality
3	present	gerund						vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The word for book is homophonous with the word for losing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 word	det
2	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 homophonous	nsubj
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 book	case
4	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 word	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 homophonous	cop
6	homophonous	homophonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 word	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 word	det
9	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 homophonous	obl
10	for	for	SCONJ	_	11 losing	mark
11	losing	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 word	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the word for book					with the word; homophonous property	tree rules
2	lose	gerund	the word not said here						vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Books are considered unsuitable for children at festivals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 considered	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 considered	aux:pass
3	considered	consider	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	unsuitable	unsuitable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 considered	xcomp
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 children	case
6	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 considered	obl
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 festivals	case
8	festivals	festival	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 considered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consider	present · passive		Books		festivals		for children; unsuitable property	vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute

Option 3

Reading is prohibited during festivals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prohibited	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 prohibited	aux:pass
3	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	during	during	ADP	_	5 festivals	case
5	festivals	festival	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 prohibited	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prohibit	present · passive		Reading			during festivals		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4

Books are associated with funerals and mourning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 associated	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 associated	aux:pass
3	associated	associate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 funerals	case
5	funerals	funeral	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 associated	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 mourning	cc
7	mourning	mourning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 funerals	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	associate	present · passive		Books				with funerals and mourning	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with funeral=Co-Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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