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Test 1 · Sounds and letters: how phonics starts

«my nan says u gotta learn the whole alphabet song before u can read, that's the rule innit». Is she right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: nan, u, that · What happens: say, learn, read, be · To what, where: whole alphabet song, rule innit · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 1 «Sounds and letters: how phonics starts» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «my nan says u gotta learn the whole alphabet song before u can read, that's the rule innit».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 nan	nmod:poss
3	nan	nan	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	u	u	X	_	7 learn	advmod
6	gotta	gotta	PART	_	5 u	goeswith
7	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 says	ccomp
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 song	det
9	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 song	amod
10	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 song	compound
11	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 learn	obj
12	before	before	SCONJ	_	15 read	mark
13	u	you	PRON	Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 read	nsubj
14	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 read	aux
15	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 learn	advcl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 innit	punct
17	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	21 innit	nsubj
18	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 innit	cop
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 innit	det
20	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 innit	compound
21	innit	innit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 learn	parataxis
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	21 innit	punct
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	my nan						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	learn in a quote	infinitive		the whole alphabet song					vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Topic
3	read in a quote	can	u						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a in a quote	present	that	the rule innit					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is she right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADV	_	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	nan					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

No, the song helps with order, but reading starts from the sounds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 helps	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 song	det
4	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 helps	nsubj
5	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 order	case
7	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 helps	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 starts	punct
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 starts	cc
10	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 starts	nsubj
11	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 helps	conj
12	from	from	ADP	_	14 sounds	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sounds	det
14	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 starts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	the song					with order	vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with order=Theme
2	start	present	reading			the sounds			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 2

No, the song is useless and nobody should sing it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 useless	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 song	det
4	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 useless	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 useless	cop
6	useless	useless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 sing	cc
8	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	10 sing	nsubj
9	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 sing	aux
10	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 useless	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 sing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the song					useless property	tree rules
2	sing speech: express	should	nobody	song					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme

Option 3

Yes, but only the first half of the song

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 half	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 half	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 half	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 half	det
6	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 half	amod
7	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 song	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 song	det
10	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 half	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, nobody can read a word until they can sing the whole song

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 read	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 read	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 read	aux
5	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 word	det
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 read	obj
8	until	until	SCONJ	_	11 sing	mark
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sing	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 sing	aux
11	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 read	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 song	det
13	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 song	amod
14	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	can	nobody	a word					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic
2	sing speech: express	can	they	the whole song					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/t1/