Test 12 · Sounds and letters: how phonics starts
★★★ Tom says: «light has five letters, so it has five sounds». How many sounds does «light» really have?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★, light, many sounds · What happens: say, have · To what, where: five letters, five sounds · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 12 of lesson 1 «Sounds and letters: how phonics starts» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: ★★★ Tom says: «light has five letters, so it has five sounds».
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 says | nsubj |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | PUNCT | _ | 1 ★ | punct |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 says | nsubj |
| 4 | Tom | Tom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | flat |
| 5 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 has | punct |
| 7 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 9 has | punct |
| 8 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 has | nsubj |
| 9 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 says | ccomp |
| 10 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 letters | nummod |
| 11 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 has | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 has | punct |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 has | advmod |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 has | nsubj |
| 15 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 has | conj |
| 16 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 sounds | nummod |
| 17 | sounds | sound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 has | obj |
| 18 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 17 sounds | punct |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | ★ | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | have in a quote | present | light | five letters | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | light | five sounds | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: How many sounds does «light» really have?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 2 many | advmod |
| 2 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 sounds | amod |
| 3 | sounds | sound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 have | nsubj |
| 4 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 have | aux |
| 5 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 6 light | punct |
| 6 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 does | obj |
| 7 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 4 does | punct |
| 8 | really | really | ADV | _ | 9 have | advmod |
| 9 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 have | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present · do-support | many sounds | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
5: l, i, g, h, t
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | root | root |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 l | punct |
| 3 | l | l | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 5 | conj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 i | punct |
| 5 | i | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 l | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 g | punct |
| 7 | g | G | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 l | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 h | punct |
| 9 | h | H | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 l | appos |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 t | punct |
| 11 | t | t | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 l | appos |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
4: l, i, gh, t
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 l | nummod |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 l | punct |
| 3 | l | l | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 i | punct |
| 5 | i | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 l | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 gh | punct |
| 7 | gh | gh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 l | appos |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 t | punct |
| 9 | t | t | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gh | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
3: l, igh, t
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 | 3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 l | nummod |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 l | punct |
| 3 | l | l | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 l | punct |
| 5 | igh | igh | INTJ | _ | 3 l | discourse |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 t | punct |
| 7 | t | t | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 l | appos |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
2: li, ght
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | root | root |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 li | punct |
| 3 | li | li | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 2 | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 ght | punct |
| 5 | ght | ght | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 li | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/t12/