Exam question 3 · Prefixes: un-, dis-, mis-, re-, pre-, in-, im-, il-, ir-

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the prefix re-?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: prefix

This is exam question 3 of lesson 12 «Prefixes: un-, dis-, mis-, re-, pre-, in-, im-, il-, ir-» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 prefix	det
10	prefix	prefix	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	re	re	ADP	_	10 prefix	nmod
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 re	punct
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the prefix				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It signifies negation, as in «unhappy» and «unkind»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 signifies	nsubj
2	signifies	signify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	negation	negation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signifies	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 unhappy	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	8 unhappy	mark
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 unhappy	case
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 unhappy	punct
8	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 signifies	parataxis
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 unhappy	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 unkind	cc
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 unkind	punct
12	unkind	unkind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 unhappy	conj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 signifies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	signify	present	It	negation					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It signifies repetition, as in «redo» and «rewrite»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 signifies	nsubj
2	signifies	signify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	repetition	repetition	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signifies	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 redo	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	8 redo	mark
6	in	in	SCONJ	_	8 redo	mark
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 redo	punct
8	redo	redo	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 signifies	parataxis
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 redo	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 rewrite	cc
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 rewrite	punct
12	rewrite	rewrite	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signifies	conj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 signifies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	signify	present	It	repetition					tree rules
2	redo in a quote	infinitive							tree rules

Option 3

It signifies error, as in «misread» and «misspell»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 signifies	nsubj
2	signifies	signify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	error	error	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signifies	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 misread	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	8 misread	mark
6	in	in	SCONJ	_	8 misread	mark
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 misread	punct
8	misread	misread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 signifies	parataxis
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 misread	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 misspell	cc
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 misspell	punct
12	misspell	misspell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 signifies	conj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 misspell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	signify	present	It	error	tree rules
2	misread in a quote	past			tree rules
3	misspell in a quote	infinitive			vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It signifies anteriority, as in «preview»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 signifies	nsubj
2	signifies	signify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	anteriority	anteriority	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signifies	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 preview	punct
5	as	as	ADP	_	8 preview	case
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 preview	case
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 preview	punct
8	preview	preview	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signifies	parataxis
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 preview	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	signify	present	It	anteriority					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/12-prefixes-un-dis-mis-re-pre-in-im-il-ir/e3/