Test 11 · How to learn spellings that stick
★★★ Which word would you NOT find under its first sound in a dictionary?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ ★ ★ · What happens: not find · To what, where: first sound
This is test 11 of lesson 15 «How to learn spellings that stick» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | compound |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | compound |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 find | nsubj |
| 4 | Which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 5 word | det |
| 5 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | appos |
| 6 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 find | aux |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 find | nsubj |
| 8 | NOT | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 find | advmod |
| 9 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | under | under | ADP | _ | 13 sound | case |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 sound | nmod:poss |
| 12 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 13 sound | amod |
| 13 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 find | obl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 dictionary | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 dictionary | det |
| 16 | dictionary | dictionary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sound | nmod |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 find | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not find | would | ★ ★ ★ | ★'s first sound in a dictionary | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
sun (sounds like s, under s)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 sounds | punct |
| 3 | sounds | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 sun | acl:relcl |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 5 s | case |
| 5 | s | s | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sounds | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 s | punct |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 8 s | case |
| 8 | s | s | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sounds | conj |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 sounds | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound | present | sun not said here | like s | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
gnome (sounds like n)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gnome | gnome | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 sounds | punct |
| 3 | sounds | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 gnome | acl:relcl |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 5 n | case |
| 5 | n | n | NOUN | _ | 3 sounds | obl |
| 6 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 sounds | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound | present | gnome not said here | like n | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
Option 3
map (sounds like m, found under m)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | map | map | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 sounds | punct |
| 3 | sounds | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 map | acl:relcl |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 5 m | case |
| 5 | m | M | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sounds | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 found | punct |
| 7 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 map | acl |
| 8 | under | under | ADP | _ | 9 m | case |
| 9 | m | M | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 found | obl |
| 10 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 7 found | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound | present | map not said here | like m | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | find | participle | map not said here | m | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
dog (sounds like d, under d)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 sounds | punct |
| 3 | sounds | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 dog | acl:relcl |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 5 d | case |
| 5 | d | D | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sounds | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 d | punct |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 8 d | case |
| 8 | d | D | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sounds | conj |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 sounds | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound | present | dog not said here | like d | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/t11/