Test 1 · Reading for pleasure and the reading book at home ★★★ Kai's page: he can't read «enormous» and «gnarled», and doesn't know what «quarrel» means. He says, «Only 2 words I can't read, so 2 fingers, just right.» What's wrong?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Kai, quarrel · What happens: not read, gnarl, not know, mean, page, say · To what, where: enormous, 2 words · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 of lesson 16 «Reading for pleasure and the reading book at home» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: ★★★ Kai's page: he can't read «enormous» and «gnarled», and doesn't know what «quarrel» means.
dep punct nmod:poss case appos punct nsubj aux advmod parataxis punct obj punct cc punct conj punct punct cc aux advmod conj obj punct nsubj punct ccomp punct root ★ PROPN ★ X ★ PUNCT Kai PROPN 's PART page NOUN : PUNCT he PRON ca AUX n't PART read VERB « PUNCT enormous ADJ » PUNCT and CCONJ « PUNCT gnarled VERB » PUNCT , PUNCT and CCONJ does AUX n't PART know VERB what PRON « PUNCT quarrel NOUN » PUNCT means VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ★ ★ PROPN Number=Sing root root 2 ★ ★ X Foreign=Yes 1 ★ dep 3 ★ ★ PUNCT _ 6 page punct 4 Kai Kai PROPN Number=Sing 6 page nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 Kai case 6 page page NOUN Number=Sing 1 ★ appos 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 read punct 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 read nsubj 9 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 read aux 10 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 11 read advmod 11 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 ★ parataxis 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 enormous punct 13 enormous enormous ADJ Degree=Pos 11 read obj 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 enormous punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 17 gnarled cc 16 « « PUNCT _ 17 gnarled punct 17 gnarled gnarl VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 11 read conj 18 » » PUNCT _ 17 gnarled punct 19 , , PUNCT _ 23 know punct 20 and and CCONJ _ 23 know cc 21 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 know aux 22 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 23 know advmod 23 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 read conj 24 what what PRON PronType=Int 28 means obj 25 « « PUNCT _ 26 quarrel punct 26 quarrel quarrel NOUN Number=Sing 28 means nsubj 27 » » PUNCT _ 26 quarrel punct 28 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 know ccomp 29 . . PUNCT _ 1 ★ punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not read can Kai enormous vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enormous=Topic 2 gnarl in a quote participle Kai not said here tree rules 3 not know present · do-support Kai not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 4 mean present quarrel vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic 5 page Kai nom page «communication transitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: He says, «Only 2 words I can't read, so 2 fingers, just right.»
nsubj punct punct advmod nummod ccomp nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl punct advmod nummod parataxis punct advmod parataxis punct punct root He PRON says VERB , PUNCT « PUNCT Only ADV 2 NUM words NOUN I PRON ca AUX n't PART read VERB , PUNCT so ADV 2 NUM fingers NOUN , PUNCT just ADV right ADJ . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 7 words punct 4 « « PUNCT _ 7 words punct 5 Only only ADV _ 6 2 advmod 6 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 words nummod 7 words word NOUN Number=Plur 2 says ccomp 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 read nsubj 9 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 read aux 10 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 11 read advmod 11 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 words acl:relcl 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 fingers punct 13 so so ADV _ 15 fingers advmod 14 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 15 fingers nummod 15 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur 2 says parataxis 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 right punct 17 just just ADV _ 18 right advmod 18 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 15 fingers parataxis 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 says punct 20 » » PUNCT _ 2 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present quarrel vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 not read in a quote can quarrel 2 words not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic
Sentence 3: What's wrong?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON 's AUX wrong ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 wrong nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 wrong cop 3 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 wrong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present wrong property tree rules
The options Option 1 Nothing, only words you can't say out loud count
punct advmod conj nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl advmod advmod xcomp root Nothing PRON , PUNCT only ADV words NOUN you PRON ca AUX n't PART say VERB out ADV loud ADV count VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 4 words punct 3 only only ADV _ 4 words advmod 4 words word NOUN Number=Plur 1 Nothing conj 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 say nsubj 6 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 say aux 7 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 8 say advmod 8 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Nothing acl:relcl 9 out out ADV _ 10 loud advmod 10 loud loud ADV _ 8 say advmod 11 count count VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 say xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not say speech: assert can you loud property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 count infinitive you not said here vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer He forgot «quarrel»: words he doesn't know count too, so it's 3
The tree, 14 words nsubj punct obj punct punct parataxis nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl ccomp advmod punct advmod nsubj cop obl root He PRON forgot VERB « PUNCT quarrel NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT words NOUN he PRON does AUX n't PART know VERB count VERB too ADV , PUNCT so ADV it PRON 's AUX 3 NUM The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 forgot nsubj 2 forgot forget VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 quarrel punct 4 quarrel quarrel NOUN Number=Sing 2 forgot obj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 quarrel punct 6 : : PUNCT _ 7 words punct 7 words word NOUN Number=Plur 2 forgot parataxis 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 know nsubj 9 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 know aux 10 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 11 know advmod 11 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 words acl:relcl 12 count count VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 know ccomp 13 too too ADV _ 12 count advmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 18 3 punct 15 so so ADV _ 18 3 advmod 16 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 3 nsubj 17 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 3 cop 18 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 forgot obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 forget past He quarrel tree rules 2 not know present · do-support he words not said here tree rules 3 count infinitive vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus 4 is a present quarrel 3 tree rules
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice He should count every word on the page, not just hard ones
nsubj aux det obj case det obl punct advmod advmod amod obj root He PRON should AUX count VERB every DET word NOUN on ADP the DET page NOUN , PUNCT not PART just ADV hard ADJ ones NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 count nsubj 2 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 count aux 3 count count VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 every every DET PronType=Tot 5 word det 5 word word NOUN Number=Sing 3 count obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 page case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 page det 8 page page NOUN Number=Sing 3 count obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 ones punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 ones advmod 11 just just ADV _ 12 hard advmod 12 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 13 ones amod 13 ones one NOUN Number=Plur 3 count obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count should He every word the page tree rules
Option 4 It's 3 fingers, and 3 means far too hard for him
nsubj cop nummod punct cc nsubj acl:relcl advmod advmod ccomp case obl root It PRON 's AUX 3 NUM fingers NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ 3 NUM means VERB far ADV too ADV hard ADJ for ADP him PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 fingers nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fingers cop 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 fingers nummod 4 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 means punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 means cc 7 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 means nsubj 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fingers acl:relcl 9 far far ADV Degree=Pos 11 hard advmod 10 too too ADV _ 11 hard advmod 11 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 means ccomp 12 for for ADP _ 13 him case 13 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 hard obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It 3 fingers tree rules 2 mean present 3 3 fingers not said here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Topic
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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