Test 10 · ★★ · Author's choices: why this word, why this way Teacher: «Why use "crept" not "walked"?» Liam: «Cos it's better.» How can he improve the answer?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Liam · What happens: use, creep, not walk, be, improve · To what, where: Teacher, answer
This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 21 «Author's choices: why this word, why this way» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Teacher: «Why use "crept" not "walked"?»
obl:unmarked punct punct advmod punct conj punct advmod punct ccomp punct punct punct root Teacher NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Why ADV use VERB " PUNCT crept VERB " PUNCT not PART " PUNCT walked VERB " PUNCT ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 5 use obl:unmarked 2 : : PUNCT _ 1 Teacher punct 3 « « PUNCT _ 5 use punct 4 Why why ADV PronType=Int 5 use advmod 5 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 " " PUNCT _ 7 crept punct 7 crept creep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 use conj 8 " " PUNCT _ 11 walked punct 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 walked advmod 10 " " PUNCT _ 11 walked punct 11 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 crept ccomp 12 " " PUNCT _ 11 walked punct 13 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 use punct 14 » » PUNCT _ 5 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use in a quote present Teacher vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 creep past tree rules 3 not walk past vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Liam: «Cos it's better.»
nsubj punct punct mark expl cop punct punct root Liam PROPN : PUNCT « PUNCT Cos SCONJ it PRON 's AUX better ADJ . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Liam Liam PROPN Number=Sing 7 better nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 7 better punct 3 « « PUNCT _ 7 better punct 4 Cos cos SCONJ _ 7 better mark 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 better expl 6 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 better cop 7 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 better punct 9 » » PUNCT _ 7 better punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present Liam good property tree rules
Sentence 3: How can he improve the answer?
advmod aux nsubj det obj punct root How ADV can AUX he PRON improve VERB the DET answer NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 4 improve advmod 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 improve aux 3 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 improve nsubj 4 improve improve VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 answer det 6 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 4 improve obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 improve punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 improve can Liam the answer vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent answer=Patient
The options Option 1 Give up and write «I don't know» because there's never a single right answer
The tree, 16 words compound:prt cc conj punct nsubj aux advmod ccomp punct mark expl advcl advmod det amod amod obj root Give VERB up ADP and CCONJ write VERB « PUNCT I PRON do AUX n't PART know VERB » PUNCT because SCONJ there PRON 's VERB never ADV a DET single ADJ right ADJ answer NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 up up ADP _ 1 Give compound:prt 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 write cc 4 write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Give conj 5 « « PUNCT _ 9 know punct 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 know nsubj 7 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 know aux 8 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 9 know advmod 9 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 write ccomp 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 know punct 11 because because SCONJ _ 13 's mark 12 there there PRON PronType=Dem 13 's expl 13 's be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Give advcl 14 never never ADV PronType=Neg 18 answer advmod 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 answer det 16 single single ADJ Degree=Pos 18 answer amod 17 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 18 answer amod 18 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 1 Give obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give up imperative you not said here a single right answer vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Source 2 write infinitive you not said here vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 not know in a quote present · do-support I vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 be present you not said here there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice Use a longer word
det amod obj root Use VERB a DET longer ADJ word NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 word det 3 longer long ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 word amod 4 word word NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here a longer word vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient
Option 3 Write «because it's much, much better»
punct mark nsubj cop advmod punct advmod advcl punct root Write VERB « PUNCT because SCONJ it PRON 's AUX much ADV , PUNCT much ADV better ADJ » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 « « PUNCT _ 1 Write punct 3 because because SCONJ _ 9 better mark 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 better nsubj 5 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 better cop 6 much much ADV _ 9 better advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 better punct 8 much much ADV _ 9 better advmod 9 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 1 Write advcl 10 » » PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is in a quote present it good property tree rules
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer Say the effect: it sounds quiet and sneaky
det obj punct nsubj parataxis xcomp cc conj root Say VERB the DET effect NOUN : PUNCT it PRON sounds VERB quiet ADJ and CCONJ sneaky ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 effect det 3 effect effect NOUN Number=Sing 1 Say obj 4 : : PUNCT _ 6 sounds punct 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 sounds nsubj 6 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Say parataxis 7 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sounds xcomp 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 sneaky cc 9 sneaky sneaky ADJ Degree=Pos 7 quiet conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here the effect vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent effect=Topic 2 sound present effect quiet property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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