Test 2 · ★★ · Author's choices: why this word, why this way

★★ Which sentence makes the cat sound most secret and careful?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ ★, cat · What happens: make, sound · To what, where: cat

This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 21 «Author's choices: why this word, why this way» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 makes	nsubj
3	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	4 sentence	det
4	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ★	appos
5	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cat	det
7	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 makes	obj
8	sound	sound	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 makes	xcomp
9	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 sound	xcomp
10	secret	secret	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 most	xcomp
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 careful	cc
12	careful	careful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 secret	conj
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 makes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	★ ★	the cat					tree rules
2	sound	infinitive	the cat not said here					most property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The cat ran to the kitchen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cat	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ran	nsubj
3	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 kitchen	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 kitchen	det
6	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ran	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	past	the cat					to the kitchen result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to kitchen=Result

Option 2

The cat went into the kitchen, which was quite dark and had a fridge in the corner

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cat	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 kitchen	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 kitchen	det
6	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 went	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 dark	punct
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 dark	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 dark	cop
10	quite	quite	ADV	_	11 dark	advmod
11	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kitchen	acl:relcl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 had	cc
13	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 went	conj
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 fridge	det
15	fridge	fridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 had	obj
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 corner	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 corner	det
18	corner	corner	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 had	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	go	past	the cat		the kitchen		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into kitchen=Initial_Location
2	is	past	the kitchen			dark property	tree rules
3	have	past	the cat not said here	a fridge	the corner		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fridge=Patient

Option 3

The cat was in the kitchen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cat	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kitchen	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 kitchen	cop
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 kitchen	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 kitchen	det
6	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the cat			the kitchen			tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The cat crept across the dark kitchen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cat	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crept	nsubj
3	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	across	across	ADP	_	7 kitchen	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 kitchen	det
6	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 kitchen	amod
7	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	creep	past	the cat			the dark kitchen			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across kitchen=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/21-authors-choices-why-this-word-why-this-way/t2/