Test 3 · ★★ · Author's choices: why this word, why this way

★★ An author writes: «Run. Hide. Now.» Why use three very short sentences?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ · What happens: write, run, use · To what, where: three short sentences

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 21 «Author's choices: why this word, why this way» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★ An author writes: «Run.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 writes	nsubj
2	★	★	ADP	_	4 author	case
3	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 author	det
4	author	author	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 ★	nmod
5	writes	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 Run	punct
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 Run	punct
8	Run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 writes	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 writes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	present	★ ★ a author						vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	run in a quote	infinitive	★ ★ a author not said here						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Hide.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hide	hide	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Hide	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: Now.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	root	root
2	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Now	punct
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	1 Now	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 4: Why use three very short sentences?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 use	advmod
2	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 sentences	nummod
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 short	advmod
5	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sentences	amod
6	sentences	sentence	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 use	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present		three short sentences					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sentence=Patient

The options

Option 1

To save ink, because ink costs a lot of money for the people who print books

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 save	mark
2	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 costs	advcl
3	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 save	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 costs	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 costs	mark
6	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 costs	nsubj
7	costs	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 lot	det
9	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 costs	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 money	case
11	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lot	nmod
12	for	for	ADP	_	14 people	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 people	det
14	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 costs	obl
15	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 print	nsubj
16	print	print	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 people	acl:relcl
17	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 print	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	save	to-infinitive	ink not said here	ink		vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ink=Theme
2	cost	present	ink	a lot of money	for the people	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme lot=Value
3	print	present	the people	books		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Because the author can't write long sentences

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	6 write	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 author	det
3	author	author	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 write	nsubj
4	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 write	aux
5	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 write	advmod
6	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 sentences	amod
8	sentences	sentence	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 write	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not write	can	the author	long sentences					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sentence=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

To make it feel urgent and fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 feel	advcl
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 make	obj
4	feel	feel	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	urgent	urgent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 feel	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 fast	cc
7	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 urgent	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive	you not said here	it					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
2	feel	imperative	you not said here					urgent property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4

To make it calm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 make	obj
4	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		it				calm property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/21-authors-choices-why-this-word-why-this-way/t3/