Test 5 · ★★ · Author's choices: why this word, why this way
★★★ In a story, a character always speaks in long, fancy words, like «I shall partake of my luncheon.» What is the author most likely showing?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: character, author · What happens: speak, partake, be · To what, where: long fancy words · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 21 «Author's choices: why this word, why this way» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: ★★★ In a story, a character always speaks in long, fancy words, like «I shall partake of my luncheon.»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | compound |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | compound |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | In | in | ADP | _ | 6 story | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 story | det |
| 6 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 speaks | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 character | det |
| 9 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 speaks | nsubj |
| 10 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 11 speaks | advmod |
| 11 | speaks | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 ★ | parataxis |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 words | case |
| 13 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 words | amod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 long | punct |
| 15 | fancy | fancy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 words | amod |
| 16 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 speaks | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 partake | punct |
| 18 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 22 partake | mark |
| 19 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 22 partake | punct |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 partake | nsubj |
| 21 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 partake | aux |
| 22 | partake | partake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 speaks | conj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 luncheon | case |
| 24 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 luncheon | nmod:poss |
| 25 | luncheon | luncheon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 partake | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 ★ | punct |
| 27 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 3 ★ | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | present | a character | long fancy words | always property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | partake in a quote | shall | a character = character | of my luncheon | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is the author most likely showing?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 7 showing | obj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 showing | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 author | det |
| 4 | author | author | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 showing | nsubj |
| 5 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 6 likely | advmod |
| 6 | likely | likely | ADV | _ | 7 showing | advmod |
| 7 | showing | show | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 showing | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the author | likely, show property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ✓ the right answer
The character is posh or old-fashioned
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 character | det |
| 2 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 posh | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 posh | cop |
| 4 | posh | posh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 fashioned | cc |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 fashioned | amod |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 old | punct |
| 8 | fashioned | fashioned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 posh | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the character | posh property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | the character not said here | tree rules |
Option 2
The author swallowed a dictionary
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 author | det |
| 2 | author | author | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 swallowed | nsubj |
| 3 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 dictionary | det |
| 5 | dictionary | dictionary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 swallowed | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swallow | past | the author | a dictionary | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dictionary=Patient |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
The character can't speak English
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 character | det |
| 2 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 speak | nsubj |
| 3 | ca | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 speak | aux |
| 4 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 speak | advmod |
| 5 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 speak | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not speak speech: other | can | the character | English | tree rules |
Option 4
The character is a baby
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 character | det |
| 2 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 baby | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 baby | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 baby | det |
| 5 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the character | a baby | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/21-authors-choices-why-this-word-why-this-way/t5/