Test 6 · ★★★ · Reading poems: meaning, sound and pictures

★★★ «Twinkle, twinkle, little star, / How I wonder what you are.» Which two words rhyme in a standard reading, and why do they match?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: I, two words, words · What happens: wonder, be, rhyme, match · To what, where: little star, standard reading · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 25 «Reading poems: meaning, sound and pictures» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ «Twinkle, twinkle, little star, / How I wonder what you are.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	X	_	3 ★	compound
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 Twinkle	punct
5	Twinkle	twinkle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 twinkle	punct
7	twinkle	twinkle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 star	punct
9	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 star	amod
10	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	appos
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 wonder	punct
12	/	/	PUNCT	_	15 wonder	punct
13	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	15 wonder	advmod
14	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 wonder	nsubj
15	wonder	wonder	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 star	conj
16	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 wonder	ccomp
17	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 are	nsubj
18	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 what	cop
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 star	punct
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 star	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wonder speech: ask in a quote	present	I						vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	is a in a quote	present		little star					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which two words rhyme in a standard reading, and why do they match?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	3 words	det
2	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 words	nummod
3	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rhyme	nsubj
4	rhyme	rhyme	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 reading	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 reading	det
7	standard	standard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 reading	amod
8	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rhyme	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 match	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 match	cc
11	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	14 match	advmod
12	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 match	aux
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 match	nsubj
14	match	match	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 rhyme	conj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 rhyme	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rhyme	present	which two words			a standard reading			vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	match	present · do-support	words = word						vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

The options

Option 1

How and you, both are short

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 short	advmod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 you	cc
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 How	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 How	punct
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	7 short	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 short	cop
7	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	both					short property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Star and are, both end with the same «ar» sound

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 end	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	1 Star	cc
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Star	cop
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Star	punct
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	6 end	nsubj
6	end	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	13 sound	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 sound	det
9	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sound	amod
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 ar	punct
11	ar	AR	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sound	compound
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 ar	punct
13	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 end	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		Star					tree rules
2	end	present	Star					with the same ar sound	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with sound=Subeventuality

Option 3

Twinkle and little, both end with «le»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Twinkle	twinkle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 end	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 little	cc
3	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Twinkle	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Twinkle	punct
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	6 end	nsubj
6	end	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 le	case
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 le	punct
9	le	le	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 end	obl
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 end	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	end	present	Twinkle					with le	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with le=Subeventuality

Option 4

Wonder and what, both start with «w»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wonder	wonder	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 what	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 what	cc
3	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 start	punct
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	6 start	nsubj
6	start	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 what	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 w	case
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 w	punct
9	w	w	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 start	obl
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 what	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	present	both					with w	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with w=Subeventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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