Test 6 · ★ · Fronted adverbials

★★★ Move the adverbial to the front: «The fox crept through the dark wood without making a sound.»

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, fox · What happens: move, creep, make · To what, where: adverbial, front, dark wood, sound

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 29 «Fronted adverbials» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 Move	compound
4	Move	move	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 adverbial	det
6	adverbial	adverbial	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 Move	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 front	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 front	det
9	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 Move	obl
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 crept	punct
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 crept	punct
12	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 fox	det
13	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 crept	nsubj
14	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 Move	conj
15	through	through	ADP	_	18 wood	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 wood	det
17	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 wood	amod
18	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 crept	obl
19	without	without	SCONJ	_	20 making	mark
20	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 crept	advcl
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 sound	det
22	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 making	obj
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 Move	punct
24	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 Move	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	move	imperative	you not said here	the adverbial	the front	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent adverbial=Theme to front=Trajectory
2	creep in a quote	past	the fox		the dark wood	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through wood=Trajectory
3	make in a quote	gerund	the fox not said here	a sound		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Without making a sound, the fox crept through the dark wood.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	SCONJ	_	2 making	mark
2	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 crept	advcl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 sound	det
4	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 making	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 making	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fox	det
7	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 crept	nsubj
8	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	through	through	ADP	_	12 wood	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 wood	det
11	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 wood	amod
12	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 crept	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 crept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	gerund	the fox not said here	a sound					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product
2	creep	past	the fox			the dark wood			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through wood=Trajectory

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Without making a sound the fox, crept through the dark wood.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	SCONJ	_	2 making	mark
2	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 crept	advcl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 sound	det
4	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 making	obj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fox	det
6	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 making	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 making	punct
8	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	through	through	ADP	_	12 wood	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 wood	det
11	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 wood	amod
12	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 crept	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 crept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	gerund		a sound					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset sound=Beneficiary fox=Product
2	creep	past				the dark wood			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through wood=Trajectory

Option 3

The fox, without making a sound crept through the dark wood.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fox	det
2	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 making	punct
4	without	without	SCONJ	_	5 making	mark
5	making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 fox	acl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 sound	det
7	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 making	obj
8	crept	creep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 sound	acl
9	through	through	ADP	_	12 wood	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 wood	det
11	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 wood	amod
12	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 crept	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 fox	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	gerund	the fox not said here	a sound					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product
2	creep	participle		a sound not said here		the dark wood			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through wood=Trajectory

Option 4

Without, making a sound, the fox crept through the dark wood.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	SCONJ	_	3 making	mark
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Without	punct
3	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 crept	advcl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sound	det
5	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 making	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 making	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 fox	det
8	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 crept	nsubj
9	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	through	through	ADP	_	13 wood	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 wood	det
12	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 wood	amod
13	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 crept	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 crept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	gerund	the fox not said here	a sound					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product
2	creep	past	the fox			the dark wood			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through wood=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/29-fronted-adverbials/t6/