Test 3 · ★ · Tricky words and common exception words

«bruh, one and two have literally no rules, english is mental». What is fair to say?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: one, english · What happens: have, be, say · To what, where: rules · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 3 «Tricky words and common exception words» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «bruh, one and two have literally no rules, english is mental».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 have	punct
2	bruh	bruh	INTJ	_	7 have	discourse
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 one	punct
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 have	nsubj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 two	cc
6	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 one	conj
7	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	literally	literally	ADV	_	10 rules	advmod
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 rules	det
10	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 have	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 mental	punct
12	english	english	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 mental	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 mental	cop
14	mental	mental	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 rules	parataxis
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 mental	punct
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have in a quote	present	one	no rules					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient
2	is in a quote	present	english					mental property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is fair to say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 fair	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fair	cop
3	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 say	mark
5	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 fair	csubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fair	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fair property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive							vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

Wrong, «one» and «two» are spelled exactly how they sound

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 one	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 one	punct
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	1 Wrong	appos
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 one	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 spelled	cc
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 two	punct
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 spelled	nsubj:pass
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 two	punct
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 spelled	aux:pass
11	spelled	spell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Wrong	conj
12	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	13 how	advmod
13	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	15 sound	advmod
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 sound	nsubj
15	sound	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 spelled	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spell	present · passive		two					vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme
2	sound	present	they						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

He's right, every English word is a one-off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 off	punct
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 word	det
6	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 word	amod
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 off	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 off	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 off	det
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 off	nummod
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 one	punct
12	off	off	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 right	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	is a	present	every English word	a one off					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A few old words are odd, but most words follow patterns

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 words	det
2	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 words	amod
3	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 words	amod
4	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 odd	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 odd	cop
6	odd	odd	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 follow	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 follow	cc
9	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 words	amod
10	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 follow	nsubj
11	follow	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 odd	conj
12	patterns	pattern	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 follow	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a few old words					odd property	tree rules
2	follow	present	most words	patterns					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Theme

Option 4

He's right, but only for number words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 words	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 words	cc
6	only	only	ADV	_	9 words	advmod
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 words	case
8	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 words	compound
9	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 right	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					for number words; right property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/3-tricky-words-and-common-exception-words/t3/