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Test 8 · Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers

Dad, grumpy, says: Turn that racket down now (he is shouting). Which is best?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Dad · What happens: say, turn down, shout, be · To what, where: racket · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 of lesson 35 «Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Dad, grumpy, says: Turn that racket down now (he is shouting).

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 grumpy	punct
3	grumpy	grumpy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Dad	amod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Dad	punct
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 Turn	punct
7	Turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 says	ccomp
8	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 racket	det
9	racket	racket	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Turn	obj
10	down	down	ADV	_	7 Turn	advmod
11	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	7 Turn	advmod
12	(	(	PUNCT	_	15 shouting	punct
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 shouting	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 shouting	aux
15	shouting	shout	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 Turn	advcl
16	)	)	PUNCT	_	15 shouting	punct
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Dad						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	turn down	infinitive		that racket			now	down property	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent racket=Theme
3	shout speech: express	present · progressive	Dad						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is best?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 best	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 best	cop
3	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 best	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						good property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

"Turn that racket down now," bellowed Dad?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Turn	punct
2	Turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 bellowed	ccomp
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 racket	det
4	racket	racket	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Turn	obj
5	down	down	ADV	_	2 Turn	advmod
6	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 Turn	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Turn	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 bellowed	punct
9	bellowed	bellow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 bellowed	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 bellowed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn down in a quote	infinitive		that racket			now	down property	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent racket=Theme
2	bellow	past		Dad					tree rules

Option 2

"Turn that racket down now?" bellowed Dad.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Turn	punct
2	Turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 bellowed	ccomp
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 racket	det
4	racket	racket	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Turn	obj
5	down	down	ADV	_	2 Turn	advmod
6	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 Turn	advmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 Turn	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Turn	punct
9	bellowed	bellow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 bellowed	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 bellowed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn down in a quote	infinitive		that racket			now	down property	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent racket=Theme
2	bellow	past		Dad					tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

"Turn that racket down now!" bellowed Dad.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Turn	punct
2	Turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 bellowed	ccomp
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 racket	det
4	racket	racket	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Turn	obj
5	down	down	ADV	_	2 Turn	advmod
6	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 Turn	advmod
7	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Turn	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Turn	punct
9	bellowed	bellow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 bellowed	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 bellowed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn down in a quote	infinitive		that racket			now	down property	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent racket=Theme
2	bellow	past		Dad					tree rules

Option 4

Turn that racket down now! "bellowed Dad."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 racket	det
3	racket	racket	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Turn	obj
4	down	down	ADV	_	1 Turn	advmod
5	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	1 Turn	advmod
6	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Turn	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Turn	punct
8	bellowed	bellow	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Turn	conj
9	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 bellowed	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Turn	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Turn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn down	imperative	you not said here	that racket			now	down property	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent racket=Theme
2	bellow in a quote	past	you not said here	Dad					vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dad=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/t8/