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Test 9 · Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers

Tom from Texas: "Y'all fixin' to eat?" ("Fixin' to" means about to.) In a story, what goes at the end of his words?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Y'all, Fixin · What happens: fixin, eat, mean, go, word · To what, where: story

This is test 9 of lesson 35 «Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Tom from Texas: "Y'all fixin' to eat?"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 Texas	case
3	Texas	Texas	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Tom	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 fixin	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 fixin	punct
6	Y'all	y'all	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 fixin	nsubj
7	fixin	fixin	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tom	appos
8	'	'	PUNCT	_	7 fixin	punct
9	to	to	PART	_	10 eat	mark
10	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 fixin	acl
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 fixin	punct
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 fixin	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fixin in a quote		Y'all						tree rules
2	eat in a quote	to-infinitive							vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: ("Fixin' to" means about to.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Fixin	punct
3	Fixin	Fixin	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 means	nsubj
4	'	'	PUNCT	_	3 Fixin	punct
5	to	to	PART	_	3 Fixin	flat
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Fixin	punct
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	about	about	ADV	_	7 means	advmod
9	to	to	PART	_	8 about	fixed
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct
11	)	)	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Fixin					about property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Sentence 3: In a story, what goes at the end of his words?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 story	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 story	det
3	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 goes	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 goes	punct
5	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 goes	nsubj
6	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 end	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 end	det
9	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 goes	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 words	case
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 words	nmod:poss
12	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 end	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present				a story	at the end of fixin's words		vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in story=Location
2	word		fixin						nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

The options

Option 1

Nothing, it is dialect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 dialect	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 dialect	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 dialect	cop
5	dialect	dialect	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Nothing	dialect					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

A question mark inside the marks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 mark	det
2	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mark	compound
3	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	inside	inside	ADP	_	6 marks	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 marks	det
6	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mark	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

A full stop outside the marks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 stop	det
2	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stop	amod
3	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	outside	outside	ADP	_	6 marks	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 marks	det
6	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stop	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

A comma outside the marks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 comma	det
2	comma	comma	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	outside	outside	ADP	_	5 marks	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 marks	det
5	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 comma	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/t9/