Exam question 2 · Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together

Which of the following most accurately characterises the mnemonic "TiPToP"?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: mnemonic

This is exam question 2 of lesson 37 «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 characterises	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 characterises	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 characterises	csubj
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 mnemonic	det
9	mnemonic	mnemonic	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 TiPToP	punct
11	TiPToP	TiPToP	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 mnemonic	appos
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 TiPToP	punct
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the mnemonic				accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A list of the four types of sentence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 list	det
2	list	list	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 types	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 types	det
5	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 types	nummod
6	types	type	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 list	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 sentence	case
8	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 types	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	list			the four types of sentence					nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient
2	type			sentence					nom type «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

A method for the spelling of plurals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 method	det
2	method	method	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 spelling	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 spelling	det
5	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 method	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 plurals	case
7	plurals	plural	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 spelling	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spell			plurals					nom spelling «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

A rule for the placement of apostrophes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 rule	det
2	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 placement	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 placement	det
5	placement	placement	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rule	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 apostrophes	case
7	apostrophes	apostrophe	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 placement	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A reminder to commence a new paragraph upon a change of time, place, topic or person

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 reminder	det
2	reminder	reminder	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 commence	mark
4	commence	commence	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 reminder	acl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 paragraph	det
6	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 paragraph	amod
7	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 commence	obj
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 change	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 change	det
10	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 commence	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 time	case
12	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 change	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 place	punct
14	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 time	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 topic	punct
16	topic	topic	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 change	conj
17	or	or	CCONJ	_	18 person	cc
18	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 topic	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	commence	to-infinitive		a new paragraph				upon a change of time and place and topic or person	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paragraph=Eventuality
2	change		time and place						nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/e2/