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Test 3 · ★ · Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together

In a cartoon, a boy writes his whole holiday diary as one line on a long roll of paper. What would a teacher tell him?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy, teacher · What happens: write, roll, tell · To what, where: whole holiday diary, cartoon, paper, boy · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 37 «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a boy writes his whole holiday diary as one line on a long roll of paper.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 writes	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 boy	det
6	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 writes	nsubj
7	writes	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 diary	nmod:poss
9	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 diary	amod
10	holiday	holiday	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 diary	compound
11	diary	diary	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 writes	obj
12	as	as	ADP	_	14 line	case
13	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 line	nummod
14	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 writes	obl
15	on	on	ADP	_	18 roll	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 roll	det
17	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 roll	amod
18	roll	roll	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 line	nmod
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 paper	case
20	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 roll	nmod
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 writes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	present	a boy	boy's whole holiday diary		a cartoon		as one line on a long roll of paper	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent diary=Theme in cartoon=Destination
2	roll			paper					nom roll «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a teacher tell him?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 tell	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 tell	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 teacher	det
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tell	nsubj
5	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 tell	iobj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	would	a teacher		boy				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Use a longer roll so it fits

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Use	use	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 roll	det
3	longer	long	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 roll	amod
4	roll	roll	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Use	obj
5	so	so	ADV	_	7 fits	advmod
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 fits	nsubj
7	fits	fit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Use	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	imperative	you not said here	a longer roll					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent roll=Patient
2	fit	present	roll						vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Use smaller letters to save paper

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Use	use	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 letters	amod
3	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Use	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 save	mark
5	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Use	advcl
6	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 save	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	imperative	you not said here	smaller letters					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient
2	save	to-infinitive	you not said here	paper					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Theme

Option 3

Write it backwards for fun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Write	write	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Write	obj
3	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	1 Write	advmod
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 fun	case
5	fun	fun	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Write	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	imperative	you not said here	it				for fun; backwards property	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent it=Result for fun=Beneficiary

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Break it into paragraphs by day and place

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Break	break	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Break	obj
3	into	into	ADP	_	4 paragraphs	case
4	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Break	obl
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 day	case
6	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Break	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 place	cc
8	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 day	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	imperative	you not said here	it			day	into paragraphs result	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent it=Patient into paragraph=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/t3/