Test 6 · ★ · Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together

★★★ Which sentence starts a paragraph that clearly follows one about breakfast?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ ★ ★, paragraph · What happens: start, follow · To what, where: paragraph, one

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 37 «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 starts	nsubj
4	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	5 sentence	det
5	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	appos
6	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 paragraph	det
8	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 starts	obj
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 follows	nsubj
10	clearly	clearly	ADV	_	11 follows	advmod
11	follows	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 paragraph	acl:relcl
12	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 follows	obj
13	about	about	ADP	_	14 breakfast	case
14	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 follows	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 starts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	present	★ ★ ★	a paragraph					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paragraph=Eventuality
2	follow	present	a paragraph	one				about breakfast; clearly property	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent one=Theme about breakfast=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Then then we set off.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 set	advmod
2	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 set	advmod
3	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 set	nsubj
4	set	set	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	off	off	ADP	_	4 set	compound:prt
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 set	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	set off	past	we				then; then		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The lake is a big lake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lake	det
2	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lake	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 lake	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 lake	det
5	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lake	amod
6	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 lake	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the lake	a big lake					tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

After breakfast, we set off for the lake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	2 breakfast	case
2	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 set	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 breakfast	punct
4	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 set	nsubj
5	set	set	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	off	off	ADP	_	5 set	compound:prt
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 lake	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 lake	det
9	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 set	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 set	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	set off	past	we				after breakfast	for the lake	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

We set off for the lake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 set	nsubj
2	set	set	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	off	off	ADP	_	2 set	compound:prt
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 lake	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 lake	det
6	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 set	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 set	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	set off	past	We					for the lake	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/t6/