Test 6 · ★ · Standard English and dialect: "we was" in talk, "we were"…
★★★ Which is the only sentence with NO dialect forms in it?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ ★ ★, dialect · What happens: be, form · To what, where: only sentence, ★
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 38 «Standard English and dialect: "we was" in talk, "we were" in writing» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | compound |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ★ | compound |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sentence | nsubj |
| 4 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 sentence | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sentence | cop |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sentence | det |
| 7 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 sentence | amod |
| 8 | sentence | sentence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 12 forms | mark |
| 10 | NO | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 11 dialect | det |
| 11 | dialect | dialect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 forms | nsubj |
| 12 | forms | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sentence | advcl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 it | case |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 forms | obl |
| 15 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 sentence | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | ★ ★ ★ | the only sentence | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | form | present | no dialect | ★ | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
I saw those books and I done my homework.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 books | det |
| 4 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 saw | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 done | cc |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 done | nsubj |
| 7 | done | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 saw | conj |
| 8 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 homework | nmod:poss |
| 9 | homework | homework | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 done | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saw | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | I | that books | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer book=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | do | past | I | my homework | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |
Option 2
I saw them books and I did my homework.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 saw | obj |
| 4 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 saw | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 did | cc |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 did | nsubj |
| 7 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 saw | conj |
| 8 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 homework | nmod:poss |
| 9 | homework | homework | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 did | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saw | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | I | them = they | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | do | past | I | my homework | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
I saw those books and I did my homework.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 books | det |
| 4 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 saw | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 did | cc |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 did | nsubj |
| 7 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 saw | conj |
| 8 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 homework | nmod:poss |
| 9 | homework | homework | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 did | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saw | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | I | that books | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer book=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | do | past | I | my homework | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |
Option 4
I seen those books and I did my homework.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 seen | nsubj |
| 2 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 3 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 books | det |
| 4 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 seen | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 did | cc |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 did | nsubj |
| 7 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 seen | conj |
| 8 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 homework | nmod:poss |
| 9 | homework | homework | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 did | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 seen | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | participle | I | that books | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer book=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | do | past | I | my homework | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/38-standard-english-and-dialect-we-was-and-we-were/t6/