Test 9 · ★ · Openings that hook the reader

★★★ Which non-fiction opening is a surprising fact?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: ★ non-fiction opening · What happens: be · To what, where: surprising fact

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 40 «Openings that hook the reader» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opening	compound
4	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	5 non-fiction	det
5	non-fiction	non-fiction	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opening	compound
6	opening	opening	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 fact	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 fact	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 fact	det
9	surprising	surprising	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 fact	amod
10	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 fact	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	★ non-fiction opening	a surprising fact					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A blue whale's heart is as big as a small car.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 whale	det
2	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 whale	amod
3	whale	whale	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heart	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 whale	case
5	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 big	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 big	cop
7	as	as	ADV	_	8 big	advmod
8	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	as	as	ADP	_	12 car	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 car	det
11	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 car	amod
12	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 big	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 big	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a blue whale's heart					as a small car; big property	tree rules

Option 2

I like whales very much, they are my favourite.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 like	nsubj
2	like	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 like	obj
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 much	advmod
5	much	much	ADV	_	2 like	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 like	punct
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 favourite	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 favourite	cop
9	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 favourite	nmod:poss
10	favourite	favourite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 like	parataxis
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 like	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	like	present	I	whales					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot whale=Theme
2	is	present	whales = whale					favourite property	tree rules

Option 3

Whales are large animals that live in the sea.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 animals	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 animals	cop
3	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 animals	amod
4	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 live	nsubj
6	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 animals	acl:relcl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 sea	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 sea	det
9	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 live	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 animals	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Whales	large animals					tree rules
2	live	present	large animals			the sea			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Location

Option 4

Here is my report on whales.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Here	cop
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 report	nmod:poss
4	report	report	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Here	nsubj
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 whales	case
6	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 report	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Here	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	my report on whales					here property	tree rules
2	report		my					on whales	nom report «communication transitive»: poss=agent on=obl

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/40-openings-that-hook-the-reader/t9/