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Test 6 · Poetry forms: haiku, limerick, kenning, acrostic, performing

Shona in Aberdeen: "It's dreich the day, I'll dae a kenning for the rain." ("Dreich" means grey and gloomy; "the day" means today.) Which is a kenning for rain?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: It, Shona, Dreich, day · What happens: be, dae, mean · To what, where: kenning, grey

This is test 6 of lesson 47 «Poetry forms: haiku, limerick, kenning, acrostic, performing» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Shona in Aberdeen: "It's dreich the day, I'll dae a kenning for the rain."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shona	Shona	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 dae	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 Aberdeen	case
3	Aberdeen	Aberdeen	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Shona	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 day	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 day	punct
6	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 day	nsubj
7	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 day	cop
8	dreich	dreich	ADP	_	10 day	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 day	det
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Shona	appos
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Shona	punct
12	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 dae	nsubj
13	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 dae	aux
14	dae	dae	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 kenning	det
16	kenning	kenning	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 dae	obj
17	for	for	ADP	_	19 rain	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 rain	det
19	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 dae	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 dae	punct
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 dae	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	It				dreich the day		tree rules
2	dae in a quote	future	Shona in Aberdeen	a kenning				for the rain	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: ("Dreich" means grey and gloomy; "the day" means today.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Dreich	punct
3	Dreich	Dreich	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Dreich	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 means	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 gloomy	cc
8	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 grey	conj
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 means	punct
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 day	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 day	det
12	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 means	nsubj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 day	punct
14	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 means	parataxis
15	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 means	obl:unmarked
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
17	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Dreich	grey					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grey=Topic
2	mean	present	the day				today		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Sentence 3: Which is a kenning for rain?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 kenning	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 kenning	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 kenning	det
4	kenning	kenning	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 rain	case
6	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kenning	nmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 kenning	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a kenning				for rain	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

As cold as tears

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	ADP	_	2 cold	case
2	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	as	as	ADP	_	4 tears	case
4	tears	tear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cold	obl

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Puddle-maker

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Puddle	puddle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 maker	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Puddle	punct
3	maker	maker	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Rain falls down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falls	nsubj
2	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	down	down	ADV	_	2 falls	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall down	present	Rain					down property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Wet and grey all day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 grey	cc
3	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Wet	conj
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 day	det
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Wet	obl:unmarked

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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