Test 10 · ★ · SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper
Rewrite "Mum baked a cake" in the passive.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Rewrite Mum · What happens: bake · To what, where: cake
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 52 «SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rewrite | rewrite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 Mum | compound |
| 2 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 1 Rewrite | punct |
| 3 | Mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 baked | nsubj |
| 4 | baked | bake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 cake | det |
| 6 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 baked | obj |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 cake | punct |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 passive | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 passive | det |
| 10 | passive | passive | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 baked | obl |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 baked | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bake in a quote | past | Rewrite Mum | a cake | in the passive | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cake=Patient in passive=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
A cake is baked by Mum.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 cake | det |
| 2 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 baked | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 baked | aux:pass |
| 4 | baked | bake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 Mum | case |
| 6 | Mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 baked | obl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 baked | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bake | present · passive | Mum | a cake | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product |
Option 2
Mum was baking a cake.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 baking | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 baking | aux |
| 3 | baking | bake | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 cake | det |
| 5 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 baking | obj |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 baking | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bake | past · progressive | Mum | a cake | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Product |
Option 3
Mum had baked a cake today.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 baked | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 baked | aux |
| 3 | baked | bake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 cake | det |
| 5 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 baked | obj |
| 6 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 baked | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 baked | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bake | past · perfect | Mum | a cake | today | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Product |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
A cake was baked by Mum.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 cake | det |
| 2 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 baked | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 baked | aux:pass |
| 4 | baked | bake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 Mum | case |
| 6 | Mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 baked | obl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 baked | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bake | past · passive | Mum | a cake | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper/t10/