Test 9 · ★★★ · Olympiad: word puzzles — anagrams, palindromes, word ladders

Why can't a word ladder go from CAT to HORSE?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: word ladder · What happens: not go · To what, where: HORSE

This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 56 «Olympiad: word puzzles — anagrams, palindromes, word ladders» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 go	advmod
2	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 go	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 go	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 ladder	det
5	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ladder	compound
6	ladder	ladder	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 go	nsubj
7	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	from	from	ADP	_	9 CAT	case
9	CAT	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 go	obl
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 HORSE	case
11	HORSE	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 go	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 go	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not go	can	a word ladder		HORSE			from CAT	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from cat=Initial_Location to horse=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The words have different numbers of letters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 words	det
2	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 numbers	amod
5	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 letters	case
7	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 numbers	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the words	different numbers of letters					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient

Option 2

HORSE has an S in it, and CAT has not

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	HORSE	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 S	det
4	S	s	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 it	case
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 S	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 has	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 has	cc
9	CAT	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 has	nsubj
10	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 has	conj
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 has	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	HORSE	a S		S			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent s=Patient
2	not have	present	CAT						vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It can, in exactly six careful steps

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 can	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 steps	punct
4	in	in	ADP	_	8 steps	case
5	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 six	advmod
6	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 steps	nummod
7	careful	careful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 steps	amod
8	steps	step	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 can	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

Horses and cats are not related animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 animals	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 cats	cc
3	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Horses	conj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 animals	cop
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 animals	advmod
6	related	related	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 animals	amod
7	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a	present	Horses and cats	related animals					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/56-olympiad-word-puzzles-anagrams-palindromes-word-ladders/t9/