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Test 2 · ★★★ · Olympiad: real languages and codes

A cartoon says Turkish "kitap" becomes "kitapler". Fix it.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cartoon, Turkish, you · What happens: say, become, fix · To what, where: kitapler · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 59 «Olympiad: real languages and codes» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon says Turkish "kitap" becomes "kitapler".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Turkish	Turkish	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 becomes	nsubj
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 kitap	punct
6	kitap	kitap	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 Turkish	appos
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 kitap	punct
8	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 kitapler	punct
10	kitapler	kitapler	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 becomes	xcomp
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 kitapler	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a cartoon						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	become	present	Turkish	kitapler					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Fix it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fix	fix	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Fix	obj
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Fix	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fix	imperative	you not said here	kitapler					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Patient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It should simply add an -s to make kitaps

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 add	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 add	aux
3	simply	simply	ADV	_	4 add	advmod
4	add	add	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 -s	det
6	-s	-s	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 add	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 make	mark
8	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 add	advcl
9	kitaps	kitap	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	add speech: assert	should	It	a -s				simply property	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent -s=Patient
2	make	to-infinitive		kitaps					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset kitap=Product

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Its last vowel is a, so it takes -lar: kitaplar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 vowel	nmod:poss
2	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 vowel	amod
3	vowel	vowel	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 a	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 vowel	appos
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 takes	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 takes	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 takes	nsubj
9	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 vowel	parataxis
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 lar	punct
11	lar	lar	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 takes	obj
12	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 kitaplar	punct
13	kitaplar	kitaplar	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 lar	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	it	lar and kitaplar					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lar=Theme

Option 3

It should be doubled to make kitap-kitap

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 doubled	nsubj:pass
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 doubled	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 doubled	aux:pass
4	doubled	double	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 make	mark
6	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 doubled	advcl
7	kitap	kitap	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 kitap	compound
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 kitap	punct
9	kitap	kitap	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	double	should · passive		It					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	make	to-infinitive		kitap kitap					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset kitap=Product

Option 4

Kitapler is right, as -ler goes on every word

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kitapler	Kitapler	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 goes	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	8 goes	mark
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 as	punct
7	ler	ler	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 goes	nsubj
8	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	conj
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 word	case
10	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	11 word	det
11	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 goes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Kitapler					right property	tree rules
2	go	present	ler			every word			vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on word=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/t2/