Mova0.5 pre-release⌕

☰

home / corpora / questions / English / Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and drop… / t9

Test 9 · ★★ · Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e

«Grace says Americans spell travelled wrong, lol». What is fair?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Grace, Americans · What happens: say, spell, travell, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «Grace says Americans spell travelled wrong, lol».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
2	Grace	Grace	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Americans	American	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 spell	nsubj
5	spell	spell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	travelled	travell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 spell	xcomp
7	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 travelled	xcomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 lol	punct
9	lol	lol	INTJ	_	5 spell	discourse
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 spell	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	Grace						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	spell in a quote	present	Americans						tree rules
3	travell in a quote	participle	Americans not said here					wrong property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is fair?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 fair	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fair	cop
3	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fair	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fair property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Grace is right, Americans just spell badly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grace	Grace	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 spell	punct
5	Americans	American	PROPN	Number=Plur	7 spell	nsubj
6	just	just	ADV	_	7 spell	advmod
7	spell	spell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	conj
8	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 spell	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Grace					right property	tree rules
2	spell	present	Americans					badly property	vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Both are wrong; the right one is «travveled»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 wrong	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 travveled	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 one	det
6	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 one	amod
7	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 travveled	nsubj:pass
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 travveled	aux:pass
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 travveled	punct
10	travveled	travvel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 wrong	conj
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 travveled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Both					wrong property	tree rules
2	travvel in a quote	present · passive		the right one					tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Each spelling is right in its own country

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 spelling	det
2	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 country	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 country	nmod:poss
7	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 country	amod
8	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 right	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	each spelling			spelling's own country		right property	tree rules

Option 4

The cousin is right, British spelling is old

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cousin	det
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 old	punct
6	British	British	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 spelling	amod
7	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 old	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 old	cop
9	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the cousin					right property	tree rules
2	is	present	British spelling					old property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/t9/