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Test 1 · ★★★ · Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment

«I'm tamping, I wrote happyly and she marked it wrong». What should Rhys remember?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: I, she, Rhys · What happens: tamp, write, mark, remember · To what, where: it · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 9 «Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «I'm tamping, I wrote happyly and she marked it wrong».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 tamping	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 tamping	nsubj
3	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 tamping	aux
4	tamping	tamp	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 wrote	ccomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 tamping	punct
6	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 wrote	nsubj
7	wrote	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	happyly	happyly	ADV	_	7 wrote	advmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 marked	cc
10	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 marked	nsubj
11	marked	mark	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 wrote	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 marked	obj
13	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 marked	xcomp
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 marked	punct
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 wrote	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tamp in a quote	present · progressive	I						vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	write in a quote	past	I					happyly property	vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	mark in a quote	past	she	it				wrong property	vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should Rhys remember?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 remember	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 remember	aux
3	Rhys	Rhys	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 remember	nsubj
4	remember	remember	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 remember	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remember	should	Rhys						vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent what=Theme

The options

Option 1

Double the y: happyyly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Double	double	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 y	det
3	y	y	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Double	obj
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Double	punct
5	happyyly	happyyly	ADV	_	1 Double	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	double	imperative	you not said here	the y				happyyly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent y=Patient

Option 2

Drop the y: happly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drop	drop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 y	det
3	y	y	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Drop	obj
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 happly	punct
5	happly	happly	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Drop	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop	imperative	you not said here	the y				happly obl	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent y=Theme

Option 3

Just add -ly to every word, whatever it ends in

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Just	just	ADV	_	2 add	advmod
2	add	add	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 ly	punct
4	ly	ly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 add	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 word	case
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 word	det
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 add	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 ends	punct
9	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 ends	obj
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 ends	nsubj
11	ends	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 word	acl:relcl
12	in	in	ADP	_	11 ends	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	add speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	ly				to every word	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent ly=Patient to word=Co-Patient
2	end in	present	word	whatever					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality whatever=Eventuality

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Consonant + y changes to i: happily

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Consonant	consonant	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 changes	nsubj
2	+	+	SYM	_	3 y	cc
3	y	y	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Consonant	conj
4	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 i	case
6	i	i	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 changes	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 happily	punct
8	happily	happily	ADV	_	4 changes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	Consonant + y		i			happily property	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to i=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/9-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment/t1/