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Test 14 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: war, the military and violence

"They didn't run away — it was a strategic withdrawal!" says a boastful soldier. What really happened?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: They, it, boastful soldier · What happens: not run away, be, say, happen · To what, where: strategic withdrawal · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 14 · ★ of lesson 26 «Soft words for hard things: war, the military and violence» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: "They didn't run away — it was a strategic withdrawal!" says a boastful soldier.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 run	punct
2	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 run	nsubj
3	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 run	aux
4	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 run	advmod
5	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 says	ccomp
6	away	away	ADV	_	5 run	advmod
7	—	-	PUNCT	_	12 withdrawal	punct
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 withdrawal	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 withdrawal	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 withdrawal	det
11	strategic	strategic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 withdrawal	amod
12	withdrawal	withdrawal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 run	parataxis
13	!	!	PUNCT	_	5 run	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 run	punct
15	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 soldier	det
17	boastful	boastful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 soldier	amod
18	soldier	soldier	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 says	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not run away in a quote	past · do-support	They					away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a in a quote	past	it	a strategic withdrawal					tree rules
3	say speech: express	present	a boastful soldier						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What really happened?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happened	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 happened	advmod
3	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	past							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They held their ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 held	nsubj
2	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 ground	nmod:poss
4	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 held	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	past	They	their ground					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Theme

Option 2

They attacked bravely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 attacked	nsubj
2	attacked	attack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bravely	bravely	ADV	_	2 attacked	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attack	past	They					bravely property	vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

They took a holiday

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 took	nsubj
2	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 holiday	det
4	holiday	holiday	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 took	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past	They	a holiday					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent holiday=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They retreated

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 retreated	nsubj
2	retreated	retreat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	retreat	past	They						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/26-war-and-the-military/t14/