Exam question 1 · Screens, sleep, fairness and differences

Identify the principal reason for which reading is preferred to screens immediately before sleep.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, prefer · To what, where: principal reason, reading

This is exam question 1 of lesson 103 «Screens, sleep, fairness and differences» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 preferred	obl
7	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 preferred	nsubj:pass
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 preferred	aux:pass
9	preferred	prefer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 screens	case
11	screens	screen	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 preferred	obl
12	immediately	immediately	ADV	_	9 preferred	advmod
13	before	before	ADP	_	14 sleep	case
14	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 preferred	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	prefer	present · passive		reading			before sleep	for the principal reason; to screens; immediately property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus for which=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The light of screens maintains the brain in a wakeful state

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 light	det
2	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 maintains	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 screens	case
4	screens	screen	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 light	nmod
5	maintains	maintain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 brain	det
7	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 maintains	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 state	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 state	det
10	wakeful	wakeful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 state	amod
11	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 maintains	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	maintain	present	the light of screens	the brain		a wakeful state			vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent brain=Theme
2	light			screens					nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Books contain no words that are capable of exciting the reader

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 contain	nsubj
2	contain	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 words	det
4	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 contain	obj
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 capable	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 capable	cop
7	capable	capable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 words	acl:relcl
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 reader	case
9	exciting	exciting	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 reader	amod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 reader	det
11	reader	reader	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 capable	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	Books	no words					vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot word=Theme
2	is	present	no words					of the exciting reader; capable property	tree rules

Option 3

Reading is required by law in many households

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 law	case
5	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 households	case
7	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 households	amod
8	households	household	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 required	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive	law	Reading		many households			vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition

Option 4

Screens consume electricity whereas books do not

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Screens	screen	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consume	nsubj
2	consume	consume	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consume	obj
4	whereas	whereas	DET	PronType=Int	5 books	det
5	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 do	nsubj
6	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 consume	conj
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 do	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	present	Screens	electricity					vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Asset
2	not do	present	whereas books						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/103-screens-fairness-and-differences/e1/