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Exam question 2 · Handshakes, waves and greetings around the world

It is given that a person has a cold. Determine the appropriate alternative to shaking hands and the reason for it.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: person, you · What happens: give, have, determine, shake · To what, where: It, cold, hands

This is exam question 2 of lesson 124 «Handshakes, waves and greetings around the world» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a person has a cold.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 has	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 person	det
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 has	nsubj
7	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cold	det
9	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 has	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	have	present	a person	a cold					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the appropriate alternative to shaking hands and the reason for it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 alternative	det
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 alternative	amod
4	alternative	alternative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Determine	ccomp
5	to	to	SCONJ	_	6 shaking	mark
6	shaking	shake	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 alternative	advcl
7	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 shaking	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 reason	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 reason	det
10	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hands	conj
11	for	for	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 reason	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here						vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	shake	gerund	you not said here	hands and the reason for reason					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hand=Patient

The options

Option 1

Bow very deeply, as the custom is required

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bow	bow	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	very	very	ADV	_	3 deeply	advmod
3	deeply	deeply	ADV	_	1 Bow	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 required	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 required	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 custom	det
7	custom	custom	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 required	nsubj:pass
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 required	aux:pass
9	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Bow	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		the custom					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition

Option 2

Shake with the left hand, as it holds no germs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shake	shake	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	with	with	ADP	_	5 hand	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 hand	det
4	left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 hand	amod
5	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Shake	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 holds	punct
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 holds	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 holds	nsubj
9	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Shake	advcl
10	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	11 germs	det
11	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 holds	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shake	imperative	you not said here					with the left hand	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent with hand=Co-Patient
2	hold	present	hand	no germs					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Explain and wave, as germs spread through hands

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Explain	explain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 wave	cc
3	wave	wave	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Explain	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 spread	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 spread	mark
6	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 spread	nsubj
7	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Explain	advcl
8	through	through	ADP	_	9 hands	case
9	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 spread	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	explain speech: assert	imperative	you not said here						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	wave	infinitive	you not said here						vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	spread	present	germs			hands			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through hand=Location

Option 4

Shake hands faster, as germs need time to pass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shake	shake	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Shake	obj
3	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	1 Shake	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 need	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 need	mark
6	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 need	nsubj
7	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Shake	parataxis
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 need	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 pass	mark
10	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 time	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shake	imperative	you not said here	hands				fast property	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
2	need	present	germs				time		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
3	pass	to-infinitive	germs not said here						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/124-handshakes-waves-and-local-customs/e2/