Exam question 3 · Handshakes, waves and greetings around the world
Ascertain the meaning of the Maori greeting "Kia ora" as used in New Zealand.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, use, mean · To what, where: meaning, New Zealand, Maori greeting
This is exam question 3 of lesson 124 «Handshakes, waves and greetings around the world» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 meaning | det |
| 3 | meaning | meaning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ascertain | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 greeting | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 greeting | det |
| 6 | Maori | maori | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 greeting | compound |
| 7 | greeting | greeting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 meaning | nmod |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 ora | punct |
| 9 | Kia | Kia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 ora | compound |
| 10 | ora | ora | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 greeting | appos |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 ora | punct |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 13 used | mark |
| 13 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Ascertain | advcl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 Zealand | case |
| 15 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Zealand | flat |
| 16 | Zealand | Zealand | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 used | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | the meaning of the Maori greeting | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Topic | ||||
| 2 | use | participle | you not said here | New Zealand | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | mean | the Maori greeting | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Goodbye and safe travels
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Goodbye | goodbye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 travels | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 safe | cc |
| 3 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Goodbye | conj |
| 4 | travels | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | travel | present | Goodbye | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Hello and good health
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hello | hello | INTJ | _ | root | root |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 health | cc |
| 3 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 health | amod |
| 4 | health | health | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Hello | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
Thank you and good night
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thank | thank | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 1 Thank | obj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 night | cc |
| 4 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 night | amod |
| 5 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Thank | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | thank speech: thank | present | you | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
Option 4
Welcome to the meeting house
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Welcome | welcome | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 house | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 house | det |
| 4 | meeting | meeting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 house | compound |
| 5 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Welcome | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/124-handshakes-waves-and-local-customs/e3/