Exam question 2 · What to do if you are lost

Identify the principal reason for which a lost person ought to remain in one place.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, lost person · What happens: identify, lose, remain · To what, where: principal reason, one place

This is exam question 2 of lesson 17 «What to do if you are lost» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 remain	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 person	det
8	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 person	amod
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 remain	nsubj
10	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 remain	aux
11	to	to	PART	_	12 remain	mark
12	remain	remain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 reason	parataxis
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 place	case
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 place	nummod
15	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 remain	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	lose	participle					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	remain	ought	a lost person		one place	for the principal reason	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A person who remains still uses no energy at all and needs no food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 uses	nsubj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 remains	nsubj
4	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 person	acl:relcl
5	still	still	ADV	_	4 remains	advmod
6	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 energy	det
8	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 uses	obj
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 all	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 energy	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 needs	cc
12	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 uses	conj
13	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	14 food	det
14	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 needs	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	remain	present	a person			still	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	use	present	a person	no energy	all		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient
3	need	present	a person not said here	no food			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot food=Theme

Option 2

A person who stays put is obliged to wait less than an hour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 obliged	nsubj:pass
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 stays	nsubj
4	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 person	acl:relcl
5	put	put	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 stays	xcomp
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 obliged	aux:pass
7	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 wait	mark
9	wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 obliged	xcomp
10	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 wait	obj
11	than	than	ADP	_	13 hour	case
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 hour	det
13	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 wait	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	stay	present	a person			tree rules
2	put	participle	a person not said here			vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
3	oblige	present · passive		a person		vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
4	wait	to-infinitive		less	hour	tree rules

Option 3

A person who walks becomes invisible to cameras

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 becomes	nsubj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 walks	nsubj
4	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 person	acl:relcl
5	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 becomes	xcomp
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 cameras	case
8	cameras	camera	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 invisible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	present	a person						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	become	present	a person					invisible property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A person who is in motion is more difficult for searchers to find

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 difficult	nsubj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 is	nsubj
4	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 person	acl:relcl
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 motion	case
6	motion	motion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 is	obl
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 difficult	cop
8	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	9 difficult	advmod
9	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 searchers	case
11	searchers	searcher	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 difficult	obl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 find	mark
13	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 difficult	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	be	present	a person	motion		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in motion=Location
2	is	present	a person		for searchers; difficult property	tree rules
3	find	to-infinitive	a person not said here			vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/17-if-you-are-lost/e2/