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Test 7 · ★★ · Telling when someone may be lying

A classmate says «trust me» all the time but often does not do what he says. What does this tell you?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: classmate, this · What happens: say, trust, not do, tell · To what, where: classmate, you · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 198 «Telling when someone may be lying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A classmate says «trust me» all the time but often does not do what he says.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 classmate	det
2	classmate	classmate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 trust	punct
5	trust	trust	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 says	ccomp
6	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 trust	obj
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 trust	punct
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 time	det:predet
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 time	det
10	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 trust	obl:unmarked
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 do	cc
12	often	often	ADV	_	15 do	advmod
13	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 do	aux
14	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 do	advmod
15	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 trust	conj
16	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 says	obj
17	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 says	nsubj
18	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 do	parataxis
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a classmate						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	trust in a quote	infinitive		a classmate = classmate			time		vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme
3	not do	present · do-support						often property	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	say speech: assert	present	classmate						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this tell you?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 tell	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 tell	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 tell	nsubj
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 tell	iobj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present · do-support	this		you				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

You should trust him even more, just to be fair

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 trust	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 trust	aux
3	trust	trust	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 trust	obj
5	even	even	ADV	_	6 more	advmod
6	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 trust	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 fair	punct
8	just	just	ADV	_	11 fair	advmod
9	to	to	PART	_	11 fair	mark
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 fair	cop
11	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 trust	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	trust	should	You	him = he					vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
2	is	to-infinitive						fair property	tree rules

Option 2

He must be trustworthy, since he says so

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 trustworthy	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 trustworthy	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 trustworthy	cop
4	trustworthy	trustworthy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 says	punct
6	since	since	SCONJ	_	8 says	mark
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 says	nsubj
8	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 trustworthy	parataxis
9	so	so	ADV	_	8 says	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	must	He					trustworthy property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	present	he						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

His actions matter more than his words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 actions	nmod:poss
2	actions	action	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 matter	nsubj
3	matter	matter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 matter	advmod
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 words	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 words	nmod:poss
7	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 more	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	matter	present	His actions						vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
2	act		His = he						nom action «act intransitive»: poss=agent
3	word		his = he						nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

Saying «trust me» makes promises count double

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 makes	csubj
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 trust	punct
3	trust	trust	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Saying	ccomp
4	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 trust	obj
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 trust	punct
6	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	promises	promise	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 makes	obj
8	count	count	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 makes	xcomp
9	double	double	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 count	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	gerund							vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	trust in a quote	infinitive		me					vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme
3	make	present	Saying	promises					tree rules
4	count	infinitive	promises not said here	double					vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent double=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/198-telling-when-someone-may-be-lying/t7/