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Test 8 · ★ · Promises

A boy borrows a friend's comic and spills juice on it. What is honest?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy · What happens: borrow, be · To what, where: comic spills juice, juice

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 199 «Promises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy borrows a friend's comic and spills juice on it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 borrows	nsubj
3	borrows	borrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 friend	det
5	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 juice	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 friend	case
7	comic	comic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 juice	amod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 juice	cc
9	spills	spill	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 juice	compound
10	juice	juice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 borrows	obj
11	on	on	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 juice	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 borrows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	borrow	present	a boy	a friend's comic spills juice		juice			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent juice=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is honest?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 honest	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 honest	cop
3	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 honest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						honest property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Tell him it was already like that when he got it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Tell	iobj
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 that	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 that	cop
5	already	already	ADV	_	7 that	advmod
6	like	like	ADP	_	7 that	case
7	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	1 Tell	obj
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 got	advmod
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 got	nsubj
10	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	advcl
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 got	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		him = he				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
2	is	past	it					like that	tree rules
3	get	past	he	it					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

Option 2

Return it quietly and hope he does not notice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Return	return	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Return	obj
3	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	1 Return	advmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 hope	cc
5	hope	hope	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Return	conj
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 notice	nsubj
7	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 notice	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 notice	advmod
9	notice	notice	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 hope	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	return	imperative	you not said here	it				quietly property	vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	hope	present	you not said here						vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	not notice	present · do-support	he						vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Tell his friend and offer to replace it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 friend	nmod:poss
3	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 offer	cc
5	offer	offer	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	conj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 replace	mark
7	replace	replace	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 offer	xcomp
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 replace	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		his friend				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient
2	offer	infinitive	you not said here						tree rules
3	replace not said to happen	to-infinitive	you not said here	friend					vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Keep it and say that he lost it on the bus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Keep	obj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 say	cc
4	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Keep	conj
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 lost	mark
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 lost	nsubj
7	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 say	ccomp
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 lost	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 bus	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 bus	det
11	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lost	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	imperative	you not said here	it					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	say speech: assert	infinitive	you not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	lose	past	he	it		the bus			vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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