Exam question 1 · Playing fair and cheating in games

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the alteration of rules halfway through a game in order to win?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, win, alter · To what, where: alteration, game, rules

This is exam question 1 of lesson 200 «Playing fair and cheating in games» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Which	nmod
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 alteration	det
10	alteration	alteration	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 rules	case
12	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 alteration	nmod
13	halfway	halfway	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
14	through	through	ADP	_	16 game	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 game	det
16	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
17	in	in	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	20 win	mark
18	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 in	fixed
19	to	to	PART	_	20 win	mark
20	win	win	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 characterises	advcl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the alteration of rules	a game	accurately, halfway property	tree rules
3	win	to-infinitive				vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	alter		rules			nom alteration «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is cheating

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 cheating	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 cheating	aux
3	cheating	cheat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cheat	present · progressive	It						vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It is fair if one is losing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fair	expl
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fair	cop
3	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 losing	mark
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 losing	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 losing	aux
7	losing	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 fair	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fair property	tree rules
2	lose a condition, not said to happen	present · progressive	one						vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It is permitted once a game

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 permitted	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 permitted	aux:pass
3	permitted	permit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	once	once	SCONJ	_	6 game	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 game	det
6	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permitted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	permit	present · passive		It				once a game	vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4

It is a clever tactic

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 tactic	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 tactic	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 tactic	det
4	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 tactic	amod
5	tactic	tactic	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a clever tactic					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/200-cheating-in-games/e1/