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Test 2 · ★ · Growing, seeing and hearing

Two ten-year-old twins in Glasgow are different heights. Why is that normal?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Two old twins · What happens: be · To what, where: different heights

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 211 «Growing, seeing and hearing» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Two ten-year-old twins in Glasgow are different heights.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 twins	nummod
2	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 year	nummod
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 ten	punct
4	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 old	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 year	punct
6	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 twins	amod
7	twins	twin	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 heights	nsubj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 Glasgow	case
9	Glasgow	Glasgow	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 twins	nmod
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 heights	cop
11	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 heights	amod
12	heights	height	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 heights	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Two old twins in Glasgow	different heights					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is that normal?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 normal	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 normal	cop
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	4 normal	mark
4	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 normal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						normal property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Heights only ever differ in adults

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heights	height	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 differ	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	4 differ	advmod
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 differ	advmod
4	differ	differ	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 adults	case
6	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 differ	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	differ	present	Heights				ever	in adults	vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Each body grows at its own pace

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 body	det
2	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	7 pace	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 pace	nmod:poss
6	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pace	amod
7	pace	pace	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	each body					at body's own pace	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at pace=Location

Option 3

Twins must be the same height or be ill

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Twins	twin	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 height	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 height	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 height	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 height	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 height	amod
6	height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 ill	cc
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 ill	cop
9	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 height	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	must	Twins	the same height					tree rules
2	is	infinitive	Twins not said here					ill property	tree rules

Option 4

One twin is older by a whole year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 twin	nummod
2	twin	twin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 older	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 older	cop
4	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 year	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 year	det
7	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 year	amod
8	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 older	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	One twin				year	old property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/211-growing-seeing-and-hearing/t2/