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Test 5 · ★ · Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things

Sam borrows his friend's football and accidentally kicks it into a river. What should he do?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Sam · What happens: borrow, kick, do · To what, where: football, river

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 225 «Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Sam borrows his friend's football and accidentally kicks it into a river.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 borrows	nsubj
2	borrows	borrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 friend	nmod:poss
4	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 football	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 friend	case
6	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 borrows	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 kicks	cc
8	accidentally	accidentally	ADV	_	9 kicks	advmod
9	kicks	kick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 borrows	conj
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 kicks	obj
11	into	into	ADP	_	13 river	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 river	det
13	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 kicks	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 borrows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	borrow	present	Sam	Sam's friend's football					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent football=Theme
2	kick	present	Sam not said here	football				into a river result; accidentally property	vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent it=Patient into river=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should he do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 do	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 do	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 do	nsubj
4	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	should	Sam						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Say someone else must have taken it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 taken	nsubj
3	else	else	ADV	_	2 someone	advmod
4	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 taken	aux
5	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 taken	aux
6	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	1 Say	ccomp
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 taken	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	take	must · perfect	someone	it					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Tell his friend, say sorry and offer to replace it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 friend	nmod:poss
3	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 say	punct
5	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	conj
6	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 say	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 offer	cc
8	offer	offer	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 replace	mark
10	replace	replace	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 offer	xcomp
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 replace	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		his friend				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient
2	say speech: apologize	infinitive	you not said here					sorry property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	offer	infinitive	you not said here						tree rules
4	replace not said to happen	to-infinitive	you not said here	friend					vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Option 3

Buy a cheaper ball and say it is the same one

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Buy	buy	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 ball	det
3	cheaper	cheap	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 ball	amod
4	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Buy	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 say	cc
6	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Buy	conj
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 one	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 one	cop
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 one	det
10	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 one	amod
11	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 say	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	buy	imperative	you not said here	a cheaper ball					vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme
2	say speech: assert	infinitive	you not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is a	present	ball	the same one					tree rules

Option 4

Keep quiet and hope that his friend soon forgets all about it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Keep	xcomp
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 hope	cc
4	hope	hope	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Keep	conj
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 forgets	mark
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 friend	nmod:poss
7	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 forgets	nsubj
8	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	9 forgets	advmod
9	forgets	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hope	ccomp
10	all	all	ADV	_	9 forgets	advmod
11	about	about	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 forgets	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	imperative	you not said here					quiet property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	hope	present	you not said here						vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	forget	present	his friend					about it; all, soon property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/t5/