Test 4 · ★★ · Hiking and camping safely
A walker leaves a farm gate open behind him. What could happen?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: walker, farm gate · What happens: leave, open, happen · To what, where: farm gate
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 230 «Hiking and camping safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A walker leaves a farm gate open behind him.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 walker | det |
| 2 | walker | walker | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leaves | nsubj |
| 3 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 gate | det |
| 5 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gate | compound |
| 6 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leaves | obj |
| 7 | open | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 leaves | xcomp |
| 8 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 9 him | case |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 open | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 leaves | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | present | a walker | a farm gate | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | open | present | a farm gate not said here | behind walker | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind he=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What could happen?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 happen | nsubj |
| 2 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 happen | aux |
| 3 | happen | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 happen | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | could | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ✓ the right answer
Animals could escape onto the road
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 escape | nsubj |
| 2 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 escape | aux |
| 3 | escape | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | onto | onto | ADP | _ | 6 road | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 road | det |
| 6 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 escape | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | escape | could | Animals | the road | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme onto road=Initial_Location |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
The cows will stay calmer with more room
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cows | det |
| 2 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 stay | nsubj |
| 3 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 stay | aux |
| 4 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | calmer | calm | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 stay | xcomp |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 room | case |
| 7 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 8 room | amod |
| 8 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stay | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | future | the cows | with more room; calm property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with room=Location |
Option 3
Nothing, because farm gates are only there for show
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 there | punct |
| 3 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 8 there | mark |
| 4 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 gates | compound |
| 5 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 there | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 there | cop |
| 7 | only | only | ADV | _ | 8 there | advmod |
| 8 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 1 Nothing | parataxis |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 show | case |
| 10 | show | show | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 there | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | farm gates | for show; there property | tree rules |
Option 4
The farmer will be pleased to have fresh air in
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 farmer | det |
| 2 | farmer | farmer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pleased | nsubj |
| 3 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 pleased | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 pleased | cop |
| 5 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 have | mark |
| 7 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 pleased | xcomp |
| 8 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 air | amod |
| 9 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 have | obj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 have | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | future | the farmer | pleased property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | to-infinitive | the farmer not said here | fresh air | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/230-hiking-and-camping/t4/