Exam question 1 · Campfires, cold nights and rivers

Identify the correct method of extinguishing a campfire.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, correct method · What happens: identify, extinguish · To what, where: correct method, campfire

This is exam question 1 of lesson 231 «Campfires, cold nights and rivers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 method	det
3	correct	correct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 method	amod
4	method	method	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 extinguishing	mark
6	extinguishing	extinguish	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 method	acl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 campfire	det
8	campfire	campfire	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 extinguishing	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the correct method					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent method=Theme
2	extinguish	gerund	the correct method not said here	a campfire					vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent campfire=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Covering it lightly with dry leaves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Covering	cover	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Covering	obj
3	lightly	lightly	ADV	_	1 Covering	advmod
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 leaves	case
5	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 leaves	amod
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Covering	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	gerund		it				with dry leaves; lightly property	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with leaf=Theme

Option 2

Leaving it to burn out by itself overnight while all sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Leaving	obj
3	to	to	PART	_	4 burn	mark
4	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Leaving	advcl
5	out	out	ADP	_	4 burn	compound:prt
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 itself	case
7	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 burn	obl
8	overnight	overnight	ADV	_	1 Leaving	advmod
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	11 sleep	mark
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 sleep	det
11	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Leaving	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	gerund		it				overnight property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	burn out	to-infinitive						by itself = it	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by itself=Location

Option 3

Blowing upon it steadily until all the flames have vanished

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Blowing	blow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	upon	upon	ADP	_	3 it	case
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Blowing	obl
4	steadily	steadily	ADV	_	1 Blowing	advmod
5	until	until	SCONJ	_	10 vanished	mark
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 flames	det:predet
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 flames	det
8	flames	flame	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 vanished	nsubj
9	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 vanished	aux
10	vanished	vanish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	1 Blowing	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow	gerund						upon it; steadily property	vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
2	vanish	present · perfect	all flames						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Drowning, stirring and drowning again until it is cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drowning	drown	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 cold	csubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 stirring	punct
3	stirring	stir	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Drowning	conj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 drowning	cc
5	drowning	drown	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Drowning	conj
6	again	again	ADV	_	5 drowning	advmod
7	until	until	ADP	_	8 it	case
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 drowning	obl
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 cold	cop
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	drown	gerund				vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	stir	gerund				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	drown	gerund		until it; again		vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	is	present	Drowning		cold property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/e1/