Exam question 2 · Campfires, cold nights and rivers

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fire ban?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: fire ban

This is exam question 2 of lesson 231 «Campfires, cold nights and rivers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 ban	det
10	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 ban	compound
11	ban	ban	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a fire ban				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Fires are permitted provided that an adult attends them at all times

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fires	fire	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 provided	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 provided	aux:pass
3	permitted	permit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 provided	aux:pass
4	provided	provide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 attends	mark
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 adult	det
7	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 attends	nsubj
8	attends	attend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 provided	advcl
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 attends	obj
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 times	case
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 times	det
12	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 attends	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	provide	present · passive		Fires					vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	attend	present	a adult	Fires = fire			time		vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Goal

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No fire whatsoever is to be lit, as a spark may start a wildfire

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 fire	det
2	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 start	nsubj
3	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	PronType=Int	7 lit	obj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 lit	aux:pass
5	to	to	PART	_	7 lit	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 lit	aux:pass
7	lit	lit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 fire	acl:relcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 spark	punct
9	as	as	ADP	_	11 spark	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 spark	det
11	spark	spark	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lit	obl
12	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 start	aux
13	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 wildfire	det
15	wildfire	wildfire	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 start	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lit	present · passive	no fire not said here	whatsoever				as a spark	tree rules
2	start	may	no fire	a wildfire					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wildfire=Eventuality

Option 3

Fires are permitted near water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fires	fire	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 permitted	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 permitted	aux:pass
3	permitted	permit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	near	near	ADP	_	5 water	case
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permitted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	permit	present · passive		Fires		water			vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme near water=Location

Option 4

Small fires are permitted during the hours of daylight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 fires	amod
2	fires	fire	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 permitted	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 permitted	aux:pass
4	permitted	permit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	during	during	ADP	_	7 hours	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 hours	det
7	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 permitted	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 daylight	case
9	daylight	daylight	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hours	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	permit	present · passive		Small fires			hour		vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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