Test 1 · ★ · Campfires, cold nights and rivers

A girl in California is told there is a «total fire ban» but her uncle says a small fire will be fine. Which is true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: total fire ban, uncle, small fire · What happens: tell, be, say · To what, where: girl · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 231 «Campfires, cold nights and rivers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A girl in California is told there is a «total fire ban» but her uncle says a small fire will be fine.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 girl	det
2	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 told	nsubj:pass
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 California	case
4	California	California	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 girl	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 told	aux:pass
6	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	8 is	expl
8	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 told	ccomp
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 ban	det
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 ban	punct
11	total	total	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 ban	amod
12	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ban	compound
13	ban	ban	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 is	nsubj
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 ban	punct
15	but	but	CCONJ	_	18 says	cc
16	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 uncle	nmod:poss
17	uncle	uncle	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 says	nsubj
18	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 is	conj
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 fire	det
20	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 fire	amod
21	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 fine	nsubj
22	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 fine	aux
23	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	24 fine	cop
24	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 says	ccomp
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 told	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present · passive		a girl in California			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	be	present	a total fire ban		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	say speech: assert	present	ban's uncle				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	is	future	a small fire			fine property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

It is fine if they put it out properly afterwards with water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fine	expl
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fine	cop
3	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	6 put	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 put	nsubj
6	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 fine	advcl
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 put	obj
8	out	out	ADP	_	6 put	compound:prt
9	properly	properly	ADV	_	6 put	advmod
10	afterwards	afterwards	ADV	_	6 put	advmod
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 water	case
12	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 put	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fine property	tree rules
2	put out a condition, not said to happen	past	they	it				with water; afterwards, properly property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Goal

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Any fire is forbidden, as one spark can start a wildfire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	2 fire	det
2	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 forbidden	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 forbidden	aux:pass
4	forbidden	forbid	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 start	punct
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 start	mark
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 spark	nummod
8	spark	spark	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 start	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 start	aux
10	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 forbidden	conj
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 wildfire	det
12	wildfire	wildfire	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 start	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forbid	present · passive		any fire					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	start	can	one spark	a wildfire					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wildfire=Eventuality

Option 3

Small fires are always allowed during a ban, as long as a grown-up lights them

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 fires	amod
2	fires	fire	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 allowed	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 allowed	aux:pass
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 allowed	advmod
5	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	during	during	ADP	_	8 ban	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 ban	det
8	ban	ban	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 allowed	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 long	punct
10	as	as	ADV	_	11 long	advmod
11	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 allowed	advmod
12	as	as	ADP	_	17 lights	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 lights	det
14	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 lights	amod
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	16 up	punct
16	up	up	ADP	_	14 grown	compound:prt
17	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 long	obl
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 lights	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	allow	present · passive		Small fires			during a ban	always, long property	vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
2	grow up	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Fire bans are only for big forests

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bans	compound
2	bans	ban	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 forests	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 forests	cop
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 forests	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 forests	case
6	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 forests	amod
7	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Fire bans					for big forests	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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