Test 17 · ★★ · Snow, ice and strong sun

did u hear a kid walked on the frozen pond and fell through and couldn't breathe in the cold water? real lesson?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: u, kid · What happens: hear, walk, freeze, fall through, not breathe · To what, where: frozen pond, real lesson, cold water

This is test 17 · ★★ of lesson 234 «Snow, ice and strong sun» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 hear	aux
2	u	you	PRON	Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 hear	nsubj
3	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 kid	det
5	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 walked	nsubj
6	walked	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 hear	parataxis
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 pond	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 pond	det
9	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 pond	amod
10	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 walked	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 fell	cc
12	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 walked	conj
13	through	through	ADV	_	12 fell	advmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 breathe	cc
15	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 breathe	aux
16	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 breathe	advmod
17	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 hear	conj
18	in	in	ADP	_	21 water	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 water	det
20	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 water	amod
21	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 breathe	obl
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	24 lesson	punct
23	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 lesson	amod
24	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 breathe	obl
25	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 hear	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	hear	past · do-support	u				vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
2	walk	past	a kid		the frozen pond		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on pond=Trajectory
3	freeze	participle					vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	fall through	past	a kid not said here			through property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	not breathe	could	u not said here	real lesson	the cold water		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Only grown-ups can fall through ice, kids are too light to break it

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	4 ups	advmod
2	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 ups	amod
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 grown	punct
4	ups	up	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fall	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 fall	aux
6	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	through	through	ADP	_	8 ice	case
8	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fall	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 light	punct
10	kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 light	nsubj
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 light	cop
12	too	too	ADV	_	13 light	advmod
13	light	light	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 fall	parataxis
14	to	to	PART	_	15 break	mark
15	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 light	advcl
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 break	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	grow	participle					vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	fall	can	grown ups		ice		vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through ice=Location
3	is	present	kids			light property	tree rules
4	break	to-infinitive	kids not said here	ice			vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Walk quickly so you don't fall through

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Walk	walk	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	1 Walk	advmod
3	so	so	SCONJ	_	7 fall	mark
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 fall	nsubj
5	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fall	aux
6	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 fall	advmod
7	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Walk	advcl
8	through	through	ADV	_	7 fall	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	imperative	you not said here					quickly property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not fall through	present · do-support	you					through property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Ice that looks solid can be thin; stay off it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 thin	nsubj
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 looks	nsubj
3	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Ice	acl:relcl
4	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 looks	xcomp
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 thin	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 thin	cop
7	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 stay	punct
9	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 thin	parataxis
10	off	off	ADP	_	9 stay	compound:prt
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 stay	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	look	present	Ice		solid property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	is	can	Ice		thin property	tree rules
3	stay off	infinitive		Ice		vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme it=Location

Option 4

Thick-looking ice is always safe to walk on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 looking	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Thick	punct
3	looking	look	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 ice	amod
4	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 safe	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 safe	cop
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 safe	advmod
7	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 walk	mark
9	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 safe	xcomp
10	on	on	ADP	_	9 walk	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	look	gerund			vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	is	present	looking ice	always, safe property	tree rules
3	walk on	to-infinitive	looking ice not said here		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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