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Test 5 · ★★ · Snow, ice and strong sun

A girl sees a broken bottle in dry summer grass. Why is it worth picking up?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: girl, picking · What happens: see, break, be, pick up · To what, where: broken bottle, dry summer grass

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 234 «Snow, ice and strong sun» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A girl sees a broken bottle in dry summer grass.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 girl	det
2	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sees	nsubj
3	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bottle	det
5	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 bottle	amod
6	bottle	bottle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sees	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 grass	case
8	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 grass	amod
9	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 grass	compound
10	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sees	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sees	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	a girl	a broken bottle		dry summer grass			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bottle=Stimulus
2	break	participle							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is it worth picking up?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 worth	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worth	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worth	expl
4	worth	worth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	picking	pick	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 worth	csubj
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 picking	compound:prt
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 worth	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	picking					worth property	tree rules
2	pick up	gerund							vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S_ING»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

The grass needs the glass to grow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 grass	det
2	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needs	nsubj
3	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 glass	det
5	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needs	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 grow	mark
7	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 needs	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	the grass	the glass					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot glass=Theme
2	grow	to-infinitive	the grass not said here						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It is only worth it if the bottle is still full of something

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worth	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worth	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 worth	advmod
4	worth	worth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worth	obj
6	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 full	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bottle	det
8	bottle	bottle	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 full	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 full	cop
10	still	still	ADV	_	11 full	advmod
11	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 worth	advcl
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 something	case
13	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	11 full	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					worth property	tree rules
2	is a condition, not said to happen	present	the bottle				still	of something; full property	tree rules

Option 3

Bottles left out in the sun grow into bigger bottles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bottles	bottle	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 grow	nsubj
2	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Bottles	acl
3	out	out	ADP	_	2 left	compound:prt
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sun	det
6	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 left	obl
7	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	into	into	ADP	_	10 bottles	case
9	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 bottles	amod
10	bottles	bottle	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 grow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave out	participle		Bottles not said here		the sun			vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	grow	present	Bottles					into bigger bottles result	vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into bottle=Result

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Glass can focus sunlight and start a grass fire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 focus	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 focus	aux
3	focus	focus	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 focus	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 start	cc
6	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 focus	conj
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 fire	det
8	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 fire	compound
9	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 start	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	focus	can	Glass	sunlight					tree rules
2	start	infinitive	Glass not said here	a grass fire					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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