Test 4 · ★★ · Snow, ice and strong sun

Why is a magnifying glass in sunlight like a tiny fire starter?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: magnify, be · To what, where: magnifying glass, sunlight

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 234 «Snow, ice and strong sun» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 glass	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 glass	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 glass	det
4	magnifying	magnify	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 glass	amod
5	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 sunlight	case
7	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 glass	nmod
8	like	like	ADP	_	12 starter	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 starter	det
10	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 starter	amod
11	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 starter	compound
12	starter	starter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 glass	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 glass	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	magnify	gerund							vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	is a	present		a magnifying glass		sunlight		like a tiny fire starter	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It reflects all of the sun back up into the sky

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reflects	nsubj
2	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 reflects	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sun	det
6	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 all	nmod
7	back	back	ADV	_	8 up	advmod
8	up	up	ADV	_	2 reflects	advmod
9	into	into	ADP	_	11 sky	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sky	det
11	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reflects	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	It	all		the sky			tree rules

Option 2

It makes its own heat from inside the glass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 heat	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 heat	amod
5	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 glass	case
7	inside	inside	ADP	_	9 glass	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 glass	det
9	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	It	its own heat		the glass			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset heat=Product from glass=Material
2	heat		its = it						nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

It cools down all the air around the glass instead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 cools	nsubj
2	cools	cool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	down	down	ADP	_	2 cools	compound:prt
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 air	det:predet
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 air	det
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cools	obj
7	around	around	ADP	_	9 glass	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 glass	det
9	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cools	obl
10	instead	instead	ADV	_	2 cools	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cool down	present	It	all air		the glass		instead property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent air=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It gathers sunlight into one very hot spot

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gathers	nsubj
2	gathers	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gathers	obj
4	into	into	ADP	_	8 spot	case
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 spot	nummod
6	very	very	ADV	_	7 hot	advmod
7	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 spot	amod
8	spot	spot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gathers	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gather	present	It	sunlight				into one hot spot	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent sunlight=Patient into spot=Co-Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/234-snow-ice-and-sun/t4/