Test 4 · ★ · Rain, floods and storms

Why does crouching low in the open help in a lightning storm?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: crouch · To what, where: open help

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 235 «Rain, floods and storms» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 crouching	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 crouching	aux
3	crouching	crouch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	low	low	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 crouching	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 help	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 help	det
7	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 help	amod
8	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crouching	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 storm	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 storm	det
11	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 storm	compound
12	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crouching	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 crouching	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crouch	present · do-support				the open help		in a lightning storm; low property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in help=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Being low down keeps you dry from the rain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 keeps	cop
2	low	low	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 down	advmod
3	down	down	ADV	_	4 keeps	advmod
4	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 keeps	obj
6	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 keeps	xcomp
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 rain	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 rain	det
9	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund						down, dry, keep property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Lightning tends to hit the tallest things around

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tends	nsubj
2	tends	tend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 hit	mark
4	hit	hit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 tends	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 things	det
6	tallest	tall	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 things	amod
7	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hit	obj
8	around	around	ADV	_	4 hit	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tend	present	Lightning						tree rules
2	hit	to-infinitive	Lightning not said here	the tallest things				around property	vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Co-Theme

Option 3

Lightning cannot reach the ground at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reach	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 reach	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 reach	advmod
4	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ground	det
6	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reach	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 reach	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not reach	can	Lightning	the ground		all			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent ground=Theme at all=Asset

Option 4

Lying flat on the wet grass is always the safest of all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lying	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 safest	csubj
2	flat	flat	ADV	_	1 Lying	advmod
3	on	on	ADP	_	6 grass	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 grass	det
5	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 grass	amod
6	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Lying	obl
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 safest	cop
8	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	10 safest	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 safest	det
10	safest	safe	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 all	case
12	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 safest	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lie	gerund				the wet grass		flat property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on grass=Location
2	is	present	Lying					of all; always, safe property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/235-rain-floods-and-storms/t4/