Test 5 · ★★ · The night sky and outdoor myths

A friend says, «This mushroom is safe, it smells lovely.» What is the best reply?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: friend, mushroom, best reply · What happens: say, be, smell · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 240 «The night sky and outdoor myths» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A friend says, «This mushroom is safe, it smells lovely.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 friend	det
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 safe	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 safe	punct
6	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 mushroom	det
7	mushroom	mushroom	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 safe	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 safe	cop
9	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 says	ccomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 smells	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 smells	nsubj
12	smells	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
13	lovely	lovely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 smells	xcomp
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 smells	punct
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 smells	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a friend		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is in a quote	present	this mushroom	safe property	tree rules
3	smell in a quote	present	mushroom	lovely property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the best reply?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 reply	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 reply	amod
5	reply	reply	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best reply						tree rules

The options

Option 1

Let us taste a small bit first to check it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 Let	obj
3	taste	taste	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Let	xcomp
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bit	det
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bit	amod
6	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 taste	obj
7	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 taste	advmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 check	mark
9	check	check	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 taste	advcl
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 check	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	let	imperative	you not said here	us		tree rules
2	taste	infinitive	us not said here	a small bit	first property	vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme bit=Attribute
3	check	to-infinitive	us not said here	bit		vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Deadly mushrooms can smell and taste nice, so we never eat wild ones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deadly	deadly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 mushrooms	amod
2	mushrooms	mushroom	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 smell	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 smell	aux
4	smell	smell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 taste	cc
6	taste	taste	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 smell	conj
7	nice	nice	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 taste	xcomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 eat	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 eat	advmod
10	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 eat	nsubj
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 eat	advmod
12	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 smell	conj
13	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 ones	amod
14	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	smell	can	Deadly mushrooms			vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	taste	infinitive	Deadly mushrooms not said here		nice property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
3	not eat	present	we	wild ones		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient

Option 3

Let us cook it for a long time, because cooking will make it safe

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 Let	obj
3	cook	cook	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Let	xcomp
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 cook	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	8 time	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 time	det
7	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 time	amod
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cook	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 make	punct
10	because	because	SCONJ	_	13 make	mark
11	cooking	cooking	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 make	nsubj
12	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 make	aux
13	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Let	conj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 make	obj
15	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	let	imperative	you not said here	us			tree rules
2	cook	infinitive	us not said here	it	time		vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
3	make	future	cooking	it		safe property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product

Option 4

If it smells lovely, it must be safe to eat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	3 smells	mark
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 smells	nsubj
3	smells	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 safe	advcl
4	lovely	lovely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 smells	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 smells	punct
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 safe	nsubj
7	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 safe	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 safe	cop
9	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	to	to	PART	_	11 eat	mark
11	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 safe	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	smell a condition, not said to happen	present	it	lovely property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	is	must	it	safe property	tree rules
3	eat	to-infinitive			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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