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Test 2 · ★ · Running games and the playground

A boy in Melbourne runs to the bus holding a sharpened pencil. What could happen if he trips?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy · What happens: run, hold, sharpen, happen, trip · To what, where: bus, sharpened pencil

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 247 «Running games and the playground» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Melbourne runs to the bus holding a sharpened pencil.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 runs	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Melbourne	case
4	Melbourne	Melbourne	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 bus	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bus	det
8	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 runs	obl
9	holding	hold	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 runs	advcl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 pencil	det
11	sharpened	sharpen	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 pencil	amod
12	pencil	pencil	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 holding	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 runs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	present	a boy in Melbourne			the bus			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to bus=Destination
2	hold	gerund	a boy in Melbourne not said here	a sharpened pencil					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pencil=Theme
3	sharpen	participle							vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What could happen if he trips?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	6 trips	mark
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 trips	nsubj
6	trips	trip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	could							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	trip a condition, not said to happen	present	boy						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

The pencil would just break without hurting anyone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pencil	det
2	pencil	pencil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 break	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 break	aux
4	just	just	ADV	_	5 break	advmod
5	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	without	without	SCONJ	_	7 hurting	mark
7	hurting	hurt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 break	advcl
8	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 hurting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	would	the pencil						vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	hurt	gerund	the pencil not said here	anyone					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anyone=Patient

Option 2

Nothing, because pencils are never really sharp enough to hurt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 sharp	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 sharp	mark
4	pencils	pencil	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 sharp	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 sharp	cop
6	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 sharp	advmod
7	really	really	ADV	_	8 sharp	advmod
8	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Nothing	acl:relcl
9	enough	enough	ADV	_	8 sharp	advmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 hurt	mark
11	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 sharp	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	pencils					enough, sharp property	tree rules
2	hurt	to-infinitive	pencils not said here						vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

He would run faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 run	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 run	aux
3	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 run	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	would	He					fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The pencil could stab his eye or body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pencil	det
2	pencil	pencil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stab	nsubj
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 stab	aux
4	stab	stab	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 eye	nmod:poss
6	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stab	obj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 body	cc
8	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eye	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stab	could	the pencil	his eye or body					vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/247-running-games-and-playground/t2/