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Test 4 · ★ · Gymnastics, trampolines, winter fun and fishing

A boy in Minnesota sees a sign on a lake saying "Ice unsafe". His friend says it looks solid. What is right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy, lake, friend · What happens: see, say, ice, look, be · To what, where: sign, lake · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 250 «Gymnastics, trampolines, winter fun and fishing» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Minnesota sees a sign on a lake saying "Ice unsafe".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sees	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Minnesota	case
4	Minnesota	Minnesota	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 sign	det
7	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sees	obj
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 lake	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 lake	det
10	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sign	nmod
11	saying	say	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 lake	acl
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 Ice	punct
13	Ice	ice	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 saying	ccomp
14	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Ice	xcomp
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 Ice	punct
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 sees	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	a boy in Minnesota	a sign		a lake			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sign=Stimulus
2	say speech: assert	gerund	a lake not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	ice in a quote	infinitive						unsafe property	vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: His friend says it looks solid.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 friend	nmod:poss
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 looks	nsubj
5	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 looks	xcomp
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	boy's friend						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	look	present	friend					solid property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Sentence 3: What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Skate quickly so it does not break

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Skate	skate	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	1 Skate	advmod
3	so	so	SCONJ	_	7 break	mark
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 break	nsubj
5	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 break	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 break	advmod
7	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Skate	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	skate	imperative	you not said here					quickly property	vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	not break	present · do-support	it						vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Believe the sign and stay off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sign	det
3	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Believe	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 stay	cc
5	stay	stay	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Believe	conj
6	off	off	ADP	_	5 stay	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	imperative	you not said here	the sign					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sign=Stimulus
2	stay off	infinitive	you not said here						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Walk on it carefully

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Walk	walk	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	on	on	ADP	_	3 it	case
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Walk	obl
4	carefully	carefully	ADV	_	1 Walk	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	imperative	you not said here			it		carefully property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Trajectory

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Test it near the middle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Test	test	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Test	obj
3	near	near	ADP	_	5 middle	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 middle	det
5	middle	middle	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Test	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	test	imperative	you not said here	it		the middle			vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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