Test 19 · ★ · Helpers in town and building sites

ppl say the new kid's dad "is in prison cos he robbed a bank" — nobody actually knows. spread it?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: ppl, dad, kid, nobody · What happens: say, be, rob, know, spread · To what, where: prison cos, bank · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 19 · ★ of lesson 274 «Helpers in town and building sites» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	ppl	people	NOUN	Abbr=Yes Number=Plur	2 say	nsubj
2	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 kid	det
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 kid	amod
5	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dad	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 kid	case
7	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cos	nsubj
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 dad	punct
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 cos	cop
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 cos	case
11	prison	prison	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cos	compound
12	cos	cos	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 say	ccomp
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 robbed	nsubj
14	robbed	rob	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 cos	acl:relcl
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 bank	det
16	bank	bank	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 robbed	obj
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 cos	punct
18	—	-	PUNCT	_	21 knows	punct
19	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	21 knows	nsubj
20	actually	actually	ADV	_	21 knows	advmod
21	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 say	parataxis
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	21 knows	punct
23	spread	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 knows	xcomp
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 spread	obj
25	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	ppl				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is in a quote	present	the new kid's dad		prison cos		tree rules
3	rob in a quote	past	kid	a bank			vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bank=Source
4	know	present	nobody			actually property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
5	spread	infinitive	nobody not said here	bank			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, but say you only heard it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 say	ccomp
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	4 say	cc
4	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 heard	nsubj
6	only	only	ADV	_	7 heard	advmod
7	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 say	ccomp
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 heard	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present							vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	hear	past	you	it					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

Option 2

Yes, it's interesting news

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 news	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 news	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 news	cop
5	interesting	interesting	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 news	amod
6	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	interesting news					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, it's only a rumour and could really hurt them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 rumour	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 rumour	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 rumour	cop
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 rumour	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 rumour	det
7	rumour	rumour	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 hurt	cc
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 hurt	aux
10	really	really	ADV	_	11 hurt	advmod
11	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 rumour	conj
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 hurt	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	a rumour					tree rules
2	hurt	could		them = they					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Patient

Option 4

Yes, warn everyone in the class to stay away from him and his dad

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	3 warn	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	warn	warn	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 warn	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 class	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 class	det
7	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 warn	obl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 stay	mark
9	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 warn	advcl
10	away	away	ADV	_	9 stay	advmod
11	from	from	ADP	_	12 him	case
12	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 stay	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 dad	cc
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 dad	nmod:poss
15	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 him	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warn speech: warn	imperative	you not said here		everyone	the class			vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent everyone=Recipient
2	stay away	to-infinitive	you not said here					from him = he; away property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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