Exam question 2 · Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the phrase «pictures are for illustration» in an advertisement?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: pictures · What happens: follow, characteris, be · To what, where: phrase, advertisement

This is exam question 2 of lesson 280 «Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 phrase	det
10	phrase	phrase	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	15 illustration	punct
12	pictures	picture	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 illustration	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 illustration	cop
14	for	for	ADP	_	15 illustration	case
15	illustration	illustration	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 phrase	appos
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 illustration	punct
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 advertisement	case
18	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 advertisement	det
19	advertisement	advertisement	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the phrase	a advertisement	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	is in a quote	present	pictures			for illustration	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The picture is a photograph of the very item sold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 picture	det
2	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 photograph	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 photograph	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 photograph	det
5	photograph	photograph	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 item	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 item	det
8	very	very	ADV	_	9 item	advmod
9	item	item	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 photograph	nmod
10	sold	sell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 item	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the picture	a photograph				of the item	tree rules
2	sell	participle		the item not said here					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The actual product may do less than is shown

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 product	det
2	actual	actual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 product	amod
3	product	product	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 do	nsubj
4	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 do	aux
5	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	5 do	advmod
7	than	than	ADP	_	6 less	fixed
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 shown	aux:pass
9	shown	show	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 do	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	may	the actual product						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	show	present · passive	the actual product not said here						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»

Option 3

The product is guaranteed to match the picture

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 product	det
2	product	product	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 guaranteed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 guaranteed	aux:pass
4	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 match	mark
6	match	match	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 guaranteed	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 picture	det
8	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 match	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guarantee	present · passive		the product					vn promise-37.13 «NP V NP that S»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	match	to-infinitive		the picture					vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The picture shows a larger model sold separately

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 picture	det
2	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 model	det
5	larger	large	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 model	amod
6	model	model	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obj
7	sold	sell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 model	acl
8	separately	separately	ADV	_	7 sold	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	the picture		a larger model				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent model=Recipient
2	sell	participle		a larger model not said here				separately property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/280-illusions-and-adverts/e2/